253 
POLYPETALOUS ORDERS. 
Leaves simple, alternate, stipulate. Sepals 5, persistent, usnalh 
elongated at the base. Petals 5, unequal, one of them largei 
than the others, and commonly bearing a spur or sac at the 
oase; aestivation imbricate. Stamens 5, alternate with the 
petals ; anthers introrse, often cohering. Ovary 1-celled, many- 
seeded ; style usually turned to one side, with an oblique hood- 
ed stigma. Fruit a 3-valved capsule, placentae on the middle 
of the valves. Seeds several or numerous ; emhryo straight, In 
the axis of a fleshy albumen. 
a. Properties : some species ' — » 
of this order are cultivated for 
the beauty of their flowers, 
others for their fragrance. The 
roots of all are acrid. 
Genera. — Viola, Solea. 
Fig. 177, a, Viola sagitta ; 
b, the petals displayed ; c, sta- 
mens in place but separated, 
and pistil enlarged ; d, the pis- 
til magnified, the ovary trans- 
versely divided. 
415. Dkoserace^, the 
Sundew Tribe. — Small 
herhs^ usually growing 
in marshy places. Leaves 
alternate, or clustered at 
the base of the scape, with a circinate vernation ; stipules in the 
form of fringes. Sepals 5, persistent, imbricate in aestivation. 
Petals 5. Stamens distinct, as many as the petals and alter- 
nate with them, or 2, 3, or 4 times as many. Ovary single. 
Fruit a capsule. Seeds numerous ; emhryo minute, in fleshy 
albumen. 
Genera. — Drosera, Dionea. 
416. CisTACE^, the Pock-Rose Tribe. — Shrubby plants, or 
herbs. Leaves entire, opposite or alternate. Sepals 5, persis- 
tent, the three inner convolute in aestivation, the two outer 
small or sometimes wanting. Petals 5 (rarely 3), convolute in 
aestivation, twisted in the direction opposite to that of the se- 
pals, often crumpled, sometimes wanting. Stamens usually 
numerous, distinct. Ovary 1 or many celled. Fruit capsular, 
with parietal placentae, 3-5-10-valved. Seeds few, or numerous^ 
with mealy albumen ; embryo curved or spiral. 
a. Properties: unimportant; the flowers often showy. 
Gknera. — Cistus. Helianthemum, Hudsonia, Lechea, Ionium. 
417. HypERicACEiE, the St. John's- Wort Tribe. — Herbs or 
shrubs.) with a resinous juice. Leaves opposite, entire, withoi^t 
Btipules, and punctate, with pellucid or blackish dots. Flowern 
