NATURAL OBDERb, 
288 
nate, pionate. Flowers monoecious. Staminate flowers in 
ameuts Calyx adherent to a scale-like bract, irregular, mem 
braneous. Stamens indefinite. Pistillate flowers in loose ter- 
minal clusters or loose racemes. Calyx adherent to the ovary, 
limb 3-5-parted. Corolla usually wanting, sometimes with mi- 
nute petals. Ovary 2-4-celled; ovule solitary. Fruit drupa- 
ceous, endocarp bony. Seed erect, without albumen ; embryo 
large. Cotyledons fleshy, oily, sinuous. 
a. Properties : nuts edible, oily ; the bark is often acrid. 
Genera. — Juglans, Carya. 
622. CupuLiFEKiE, the Oak Tribe, — Trees or shrubs. Leaves 
simple, alternate, often straight-veined, with deciduous stipules. 
Flowers monoecious. Staminate flowers amentaceous. Calyx 
scale-like. Stamens 5-20, inserted into the base of the calyx. 
Pistillate flowers solitary or clustered. Ovary surrounded by 
an involucre which incloses the fruit, or forms a cupule at its 
base, 2-6-celled, with one or two pendulous ovules in each cell. 
Fruit a 1-celled, 1-seeded nut. Seeds exalbuminous ; embryo 
larsce, with fleshy cotyledons. 
its involucre i ; c, seed separated ; t, integu- 
ment, half of which is removed to show the exalbuminous embryo. 
523. Myricace^, the Gale Tribe. — Shrubs or small trees. 
Leames simple, alternate, aromatic, covered with resinous glands 
and dots. Flowers monoecious or dioecious. Staraens 2 to 8, 
generally in the axil of a scale-like bract. Ovary 1-celled, sur- 
rounded by hypogynous scales ; ovule solitary, erect. Fruit a 
drupe, often covered with waxy secretions. Seed solitary ; em 
bryo without albumen. 
Genera. — Myrica, Comptonia. 
5^4. Betulace^, the Birch Tribe. — Trees or shrubs. Leaves 
alternate, simple, the primary veins often running straight 
from the midrib to the margin ; stipules deciduous. Flowers 
monoecious, amentaceous, with small scales for their calyx. 
Stamens distinct, opposite the calycine scales. Ovary 2-celled ; 
ovule solitary, pendulous. Fruit membraneous, indehiscent, 
combined with the scales into a strobile. Seeds pendulous, ex 
aJbuminous ; embryo straight. 
a. Properties : the bark is sometimeH astringent, that of the Birch is aromntia 
Genera. — B'itula. Alnus. 
Genera. — Carpinus, Ostrya, Corylus, Fagus, 
Castanea, Quercus. 
Fig. 205, a. Pistillate flower of Corylus 
avellana (hazel-nut), cut lengthwise to show 
the two cells of the ovary, with a pendulous 
ovule in each ; b, flower more advanced ; p, 
perianth ; s, styles ; /, ripe fruit enveloped in 
