280 
APETALOTIS OSDERS. 
Pi, 
Fig. 208. 
Class II. — ^Endogenous or Monocotyledonotjs Plants. 
531. Palmace^, tTie Palm Tribe. — Trees with undivided, 
cylindrical stems which are scaly from the remains of tho in- 
durated foot-stalks of the leaves. The leaves appear in a ter 
minal tuft, alternate and sheathing, 
either fan-shaped or pinnate, with 
plicate vernation. Flowers small, 
perfect or polygamous. Perianth (imm^^m^i 
6-parted, in a double row, the three ^ 
outer ones being smallest. Stamens 
6 ; filaments often united at the 
base. Ovary 1-3-celled; ovules 
solitary. Fruit a berrj, or fibrous 
drupe. Seeds with cartilaginous 
albumen ; embryo in a small, sep- 
arate cavity. 
a. Properties : rarious ; the fruit of some spe- 
cies is edible, while that of others is extremely- 
hard. Many supply oil, wax, starchy matter, 
sugar, &c. The Bbers are used for cordage. 
Genera.— <?hamaerops, Gocos, Sabal. 
Fig. 208, a, inflorescence of Cham^rops hw 
mills in its spatha h ; c, an unexpanded flower- 
bud ; d, a ripe fruit. (PL III., Fig. 3.) 
532. ARACEiS, the Arum Tribe. — Herbaceous or shrubby plants, 
with a fleshy corm or rhizoma. Leaves petic^'"^, sheathing at 
the base, with parallel or branching veins 'nflorescence a 
spadix surrounded by a spatha. Flowers usually monoecious, 
destitute of envelopes, or with a single perianth. Stamens 
definite or indefinite; anthers extrorse. Ovary 1 or several 
celled. Fruit a berry. Seeds with or without albumen ; em- 
bryo small. 
Properties : acrid and heating. 
^^Jknera. — Arum, Calla, Ictodes, Orontium, Acorus, BensselaBria. 
533. Typhace^, the Cat-tail Tribe. — Herbaceous plants grow- 
ing in marshes or ditches. Leajves rigid, ensiform, with parallel 
veins. Flowers closely arranged upon a spadix without a spa- 
tha. Sepals 3 or more, sometimes a mere bundle of hairs. Star 
mens 3 or 6 ; filaments long. Ovary single, 1-celled ; ovide soli- 
tary, pendulous. Fruit dry. Seed adhering to the pericarp ,; 
emlynjo in the center of mealy albumen. (See Plate I., Fig. 6.) 
Genera.— Typha, SparganiutQ. 
534. Lemnace^, the Dicclc-weed Tribe. — Floating plants with 
roots arising from the bottom of a flat frond. Leaves ov fronds 
very cellular, lenticular, or lobed. Flowers produced from the 
