372 CLASS XXI. 
tillate flowers : spalha 1-leaved, 1-flowered ; ] 
calyx 3-leaved ; corolla 3-petalIed, with 6 
glands between the petals ; germ inferior ; 
styles 6, 2-cleft ; capsule 6-celled, many- 
seeded. S. 
ORDER X. OECANBRIA. 
Gymnocla'dus. Staminate flowers : ca- 
lyx tubular, 5-cleft; petals 5. Pistillate 
flowers : style 1 ; legume 1-celled, pulpy 
within ; seed roundish, large, and hard, 
(coffee-bean.) 
Cak"ica. Staminate flowers : calyx mi- 
nute ; corolla funnel-form, 5-cleft ; stamens 
alternately shorter, enclosed in the tube of 
the corolla. Pistillate flowers : calj'x 5- 
toothed ; petals 5 ; stigmas 5 ; berry cucum- 
ber-form, grooved, l-celled, many-seeded, 
(false papaw-tree.) S. 
ORDER XII. POLYANDRIA. 
Menisper"mum. Staminate flowers : ca- 
lyx 2bracted, a:bout Gleaved, caducous; 
petals 6-9, glandular, minute, retuse ; sta- 
mens 1 6-24 ; anthers adnate to the filaments, 
4-lobed, 2-cel!ed. Pistillate flowers : germs 
and styles 3 6 ; drupes mostly solitary, 1- 
seeded ; nut lunate, compressed. 
Cy'cas. Staminate flowers : anient im- 
bricated ; scales spatulate, single ; anthers 
globose, ses.sile, on a scale. Pistillate flow- 
ers : spadix compressed, 2-sided ; perianth 
a scale. 
Za'mia. Ament a strobile. Staminate 
flowers : scales obovate ; anthers globose, 
sessile upon scales, opening by a fissure. 
Pistillate flowers : scales peltate ; corolla 
none ; germs 2 ; styles none ; berries 2, 1- 
seeded. 
Datis"ca. Staminate flowers: calyx 5- 
leaved ; corolla 0 ; anthers sessile, about 15. 
Pistillate flowers : calyx superior, 2-tooth- 
ed ; styles 3 ; capsules 3-angIed, 3-horned, 
l-cefled, many-seeded, (false hemp.) 
Thalic^Trum. See class 12: 12. 
ORDER XV. MONODELPHIA. 
Junipe'rus. Staminate flowers : ament 
ovate, whorled ; calyx a peltate scale ; an- 
thers 4 to 8. Pistillate flowers: calyx 3- 
parted ; petals 3 ; styles 3 ; berry 1 or 2- 
seeded ; nut long, 1-celled, with balsamy 
glands at the base, (red cedar.) 
Tax"us. Staminate flowers : calyx con- 
sists of 4 to 6 imbricate scales ; corolla 0 ; 
stamens 8 to 10 ; anthers peltate, 6 to 8-cleft. 
Pistillate flowers : style 0 ; receptacle succu- 
lent ; nut or drupe fleshy, 1 -seeded, (yew.) 
CLASS XXL CRYPTOGAMIA. 
ORDER 1. F'i,ICES. 
A. Capsiilc having an elastic ring at right 
angles with its opening. 
poLYPO'DiUM. Capsules dispo.sed in 
round, scattered fruit-dots (or clusters of 
capsules), on various parts of the lower sur- 
fiice of the frond ; involucrum 1. (polypod.) 
AcROS'^TiCHUM. Capsules numerous, cov- 
ering the lower surface of the frond ; invo- 
lucrum nemo. The fertile leaves differ in 
ORDER L 
shape from the barren. WHiea ild, the fruU 
often covers the whole frond, \fork -feru.) 
Hypopel"tis. Frait-dots roundish, hav 
ing a cup-form involucre beneath, divided 
into 5 or 6 irregular segments ; capsules all 
sessile. 
Aspid"ium. Capsules in scattei*ed, round- 
ish frait-dots, on various parts of the whole 
lower surface of the frond ; involucrum a 
kidney-foi-m, or round membrane, fastened 
to the frond in or near the centre of the fruit- 
dot, and opening on all sides, or to one side 
of the fruit-dot, and opening on the other. 
The involucrum, when a little opened, ia 
often peltate, (shield-fern.) 
A sp le'n lUM. Sori in lines parallel to eacl. 
other, situated exactly Jipon the secondary 
veins of the frond ; involucres opening in- 
ward, (spleen-wort, walking-leaf) 
Scolopen"drium. Sori linear, trans- 
verse, scattered ; involuci'um double, occu- 
pying both sides of the sorus, superficial, at 
length opening longitudinally, (caterpillar- 
fern.) 
Pte'ris. Capsules arranged in a contin- 
ued line along the very margin of the frond; 
involucres opening inward, being formed o? 
the inflexed margins of the fronds. When 
the leaves are extremely small, the i-'^ws of 
capsules on opposite sides meet and cover 
the lower surface, (brake.) 
Adian"tum. Capsules disposed in oblong 
frait-dots, an-anged along the margin of the 
frond ; involucram is formed by turning 
back tlie margin of the frond over the cap- 
sules, and it opens inward. The lines of 
oblong spots are generally along that mar- 
gin, which may be considered the erd of 
the leaf, or of the segments of the leaf, 
(maidenhair.) 
Ono'clea. Fruit-dots indeterminate, pre- 
senting a berry-like appearance ; capsnlea 
covering the whole lower surface of the 
frond ; involucram formed by turning in or 
rolling back the margin of the leaf, which 
opens inward, in maturity, toward the mid- 
rib, or remains closed. The fertile leaves 
are contracted, and nan-ower than the bar- 
ren ones, (sensitive polypod.) 
B. Capsule with/nit a ring — being cellular - 
reticulate, pellucid, sub-striate, radiate at 
tlve. tip. 
Lygo'dium Capsules sessile, ovate ; 9 
ranks of small spikes issuing from the mar 
gm of the frond, radiate-striate or wrin- 
kled, opening on the inner side from thi? 
base to the summit ; involucrum scale-like, 
covering each capsule. 
Schiz^'a. Capsules with radiating fur- 
rows at the top, somewhat turbinate, burst 
ing laterally, sessile ; involucram continu- 
ous, formed of the inflexed margin of ♦ho 
unilateral spikes. 
Osmun"da. Capsules globose, pedicelled, 
radiate-striate or wrinkled, having a hinge 
at the joining of the 2 valves, which resem- 
bles part of the jointed ring of annulated 
ferns ; the capsules either occupy the whole 
frond, to a limited extent, or a panicled ra- 
ceme The parts of the frond occupie«« by 
