CAP R ARI A— C A RE X. 
331 
leaves petioled, digitate ; leafets lanceolate, 
serrate, pilose ; staminate l^owers solitary, 
axillary; pistillate ones spiked. 4-10 f. Ex. 
CAPRA'RIA. 13—2 (Vitices.) [From capra, 
a goat.] 
pvsir'la, (w. 0.) hairy, leaves opposite, 
cordate, repand toothed, petioled ; pedun- 
cles axillary, longer than the petioles. S. 
CAF'SIOUM. 5—1. I SofnnecB.) [From kapto, 
to bite, on account of its effect upon tlie 
tongue.] 
mi"rinnr\. (guinea pepper, red pepper, 
cayenne pepper, y-g. w, Au. 0.) stem 
herbaceous; peduncles solitary. From 
South America. 10-18 i. 
hacca'tnm, (bird pepper, Ip.) stem smooth ; 
peduncles in pairs. Florida. 
CARDAWINE. 14—2. (Cruciferce.) [From 
knrdia, tlie heart, because it acts as a cor- 
dial.] 
pOLnsylviinf'ica, (American water-cress, 
w. M. iX-) glabrous, branching; leaves pin- 
nate, hairy ; leafets roundish-oblong, obtuse, 
tooth angled ; silique narrow, erect. 
prnf.eii"srs, (field water-cress, r-p. M. Z/.) 
simple, glabrous, erect; leaves pinnate; 
radical leafets roundish, toothed ; cauline 
ones lanceolate, sub-entire ; racemes sub- 
corymbed. 
CARDIOSPER"MUM. 8—3. (Sapindi.) 
halica'bum, (Au. 0.) glabrous; leafets 
incised and lobed ; the terminal one rhom- 
boidal. Balloon vine. East Indies. 5 f. 
Flowers white and green. 
CAR"DU'US 17—1. (CinarocephalcB.) [From 
k'lro, to tear.] 
pecHna'tux, (p. ^ .) unarmed ; leaves de- 
current, lanceolate, pectinately pinnatifid ; 
peduncles almost leafless, terminal, very- 
long, about 1 -flowered; flowers nodding, 
often discharging the pollen ; scales of the 
calyx linear, spreading. 
CA'REX. 19—3. (Ct/peroidea.) [From Latin 
carere, to want, the upper spikes of these 
plants being constantly without soeds, con- 
sisting only of staminate flowers.] 
A. Inflorescence dioecious. 
steriV'is, (barren sedge, M. 2^.) spikes 
dioecious ; sterile 3-5 ; fertile about 6 ; 
(sometimes androgynous ;) finiit ovate, com- 
pressed, triquetrous ; margin ciliate-serrate ; 
apex recurved and bicuspidate. 8-12 i. 
Wet. 
B . Injkn-escence monecious. 
t Spikes androgynous. 
* Spike solitary. 
a. Staviens at the summit of the spikelets. 
frase/ri, (A p. If.) spike simple, ovate; 
C.'iiit ovate-sub-globose, entire at the point, 
longer than the oblong glume ; leaves lan- 
ceolate, undulate, crenulate ; scape-sheathed 
\X the base. 1 f. This species has broader 
leaves than the common sedges, and pro- 
duces fine flowers resembling small lilies. 
polytrichoi des, (M. 14..) spike simple, 
fruit oblong-lanceolate, compressed, trique- 
trous, obtuse, emarginate ; glumes oblong- 
obtuse, mucronate. 10 i. Wet 
** Spikes distinct [not aggregated into 
head). 
a. Stamens at the summit. 
1. With 2 stigmas. 
retroflex" a, (M. If.) spikes about 4, sub. 
approximate, ovate, the lowest one with a 
short bract ; fruit ovate lanceolate, biden- 
tate, scabrous on the margin, spreading and 
reflexed, as long as the ovate-acute glume 
1 f. Woods, meadows. 
ro'sea, (M. IX ■) spikes 4-6, remote, about 
9-flowered, the lowest one with a setaceous 
bract overtopping the culm ; fruit ovate, 
acuminate, diverging and radiate, scabrous 
on the distinct margin, twice a.s long as the 
ovate-obtuse glume. 12 i. Moist. 
stipa'ta, (M. 2X-) spike compound, oblong 
spikes numerous (10-15), oblong, aggrega 
ted, bracteate ; bracts a little longer than 
the spikelets ; fruit lanceolate, subterete, and 
smooth below, spreading, bidentate at the 
point, which is scabrous, twice as long as 
the glume. 1-3 f. Wot meadows. 
2. With 3 stigmas, 
peduncula'ta, (Ap. 2j!.) spikes about 4, on 
long peduncles, very remote ; fruit obovate, 
triquetrous, obtu.se, smooth, entire at the or- 
ifice ; glumes ovate, mucronate (purple and 
gi-een). 6 i. Rocky Hills. 
b. Pistillate at the summit. 
1. With 2 stigmas. 
scopa'ria (M. If.) spikelets mostly 5 
ovate, sessile, approximate, aggregate, low- 
est one bracteate ; fruit ovate-lanceolate, 
margined, nerved, smooth, bi-cuspidate, 
longer than the lanceolate acuminate glumf» 
1-2 f Swamps. 
scirpoi'd€S,{yi.. 11.) spikes 4, ovate, obtuse, 
approximate, uppermost one clavate ; fruit 
ovate, bidentate, plano-convex, erect and a 
little spreading, but not reflexed, sub-cor- 
date, serrulate, longer than the ovate obtuse 
glume. 
2. With 3 stigmas, 
atra'ta, (J. 2^.) androgynous spikes 3, 
pedunculate, crowded, .sub-pendulous in 
fruit, (black) ; hnxit roundish-ovate, with a 
short beak, bidentate. 6 i. 
c. Summits of the highest and lowest spike 
lets staminate the middle spikes wholly 
staminate. 
1. With 2 stigmas. 
sicca'ta, (J. 2^.) terminal spikes obtuse 
lower ones mostly in fours, ovate, some- 
what acute ; fruit ovate-lanceolate, acumi- 
nate, compres.sed, scabrous on the margin, 
bifid, nerved, nearly equal to the ovate-lan- 
ceolate scale. 12-18 i. Sandy plains. 
tt. Terminal spikes androgynous ; the rest 
pistillate ; stigmas 3. 
vires" cens, (green sedge, M. 11.) spikes i, 
oblong, erect ; upper one pedunculate, ste- 
rile below, the re.st fertile, sub -sessile, and 
bracteate ; fruit ovate, obtuse, costate, pu 
bescent. 18-24 i. Dry woods. Var. cos 
ta'ta, has its fruit .strongly ribbed, and iti 
outer sheaths purplish brown ; leaveti ri oie 
numerous and larger. 
