451 
rfed, branching near the summit; radical 
Teaves spatuJate, obtuse, cauline ones lance- 
olate, small ; Howers capitate, heads squar- 
rose, corymbed , calycine wings setaceous, 
acuminate. 2-3 f. S. 
hoykin"ia, (g-w.) flowers cristate ; stem 
simple ; leaves 4-5 verticillate, oblong-oval, 
lanceolate or acute ; upper ones scattered ; 
apike solitaiy, long-peduncled, lax-flowered. 
S. 
cymc/sa, (J. Au. y.) cyme simple ; spike- 
lets ovate ; wings elliptical-oblong, rather 
obtuse, mucronate ; superior sepal half as 
large as the wings, rather obtuse ; lateral 
petals di.stinct nearly to the base ; crest 
minute ; seed sub-globose, glabrous ; stem 
simple, terete, attenuated upward ; radical 
leaves linear-spatulate, cauline ones linear- 
eubulate, minute. 2-5 f. 
POL"YGO'NUM. 8—3. (PolygonecE.) [From 
poJus. many, and gone, a joint, on account of 
the many joints in its stem.] 
1. F/oirers axillary. 
avicuWre, (knot-grass, w. M. 2^.) leaves 
lanceolate, scabrous at the margin ; stipules 
short, laciniate ; stem procumbent ; flowers 
«ub sessile, axillary, minute. 6 12 1, 
fiigop"yrnm, (buckwheat r-w. Ju. 0.) 
racemes panicled; leaves heart-sagittate; 
stem erectish, unarmed ; angles of the seeds 
equal. 1-2 f. Ex, 
orien"tale, (prince's feather, r. Au. @.) 
stem erect; leaves very large, petioled, 
ovate, acuminate, minutely pubescent ; stip- 
ules hairy, somewhat sabre form; flowers 
in crowded, terminal spikes. 4-5 f. Old 
fields and road-sides. Flowers in large, 
pendulous, crimson spikes. Naturalized. 
erec-'tum, (w. J. 2^.) stem branched ; 
{eaves broad, oval, petiolate ; flowers pen- 
tandrous. 1-3 f. 
mariti'mum, (w-r. Au. ^ .) stamens 8 ; 
leaves lanceolate, thick and glaucous, mar- 
gin revolute ; stipules lacerate ; stem dif- 
fuse, prostrate, suff'ruticose. 1-2 f. S. 
ten"ve, (w. Ju. stem erect, slender, 
branched, acute-angled ; leaves long-linear. 
Straight, acuminate ; stipules tubular ; apex 
villose; flowers alternate, sub-solitary. 
9-18 i. 
2. Flowers in slender spikes. 
lapathifo'linm, (r. w. Au. stipules 
awnless ; stamens 6 ; styles 2 ; peduncles 
scabrous ; spikes numerous, rather crowd- 
ed ; leaves lance-ovate, short-petioled, pu- 
bescent above. 2-4 f. 
puncta'tum, (water-pepper, w. Au. ^.) 
flowers octandrous, glandular ; styles 3 ; 
stipules ciliate, spotted; leaves lanceolate, 
glabrous ; spike filiform, at first cemuous ; 
bracts remotely alternate. 1-2 f. 
mi'te, (tasteless knotweed, J. flowers 
octandrous, in crowded spikes ; styles 3 ; 
leaves narrow-lanceolate, sub-hirsute ; stip- 
ales hirsute, long-ciliate ; bracts ciliate, sub- 
mibricate. 12-18 i. 
Virginia' mim, (w. Ju. 11 •) stamens 5; 
Itytes 2, unequal; stem simple, angular; 
eaves broad-oval , spikes virgate ; flowers 
remote. 2-4 f. 
biUorioi'des, (w-r. J. 2^.) bracts 1 -flow- 
ered, 2-3 valved ; leaves oval, flat, petioled { 
stem simple, I -spiked. 
3. Floicers in thick croioded spikes, 
vivipafrum, (r. Au. 2/.) stem simple; 
spike linear, solitary; leaves lance-linear, 
margins revolute ; bracts ovate, acuminate. 
6 i. 
barba'tum, (r. w. Ju.) stamens 6 ; styles 
3 ; spike virgate, truncate ; bristle ciliate ; 
leaves oblong, acute, smoothish. 18-24 i. 
persica'ria, (r. Ju. @.) stamens 6 ; styles 
2 ; spikes ovate oblong, erect ; peduncles 
smooth ; leaves lanceolate ; stipules smooth- 
ish, ciliate. 1-2 f. 
pennsylva'nicum, (Ju. 0.) flowers octan- 
drous; spikes oblong; leaves lanceolate 
stipules smooth and naked; stem geuica 
late. 2-4 f. 
am-phib"ium, (mud knotweed, Ju. r. 2^.) 
leaves petiolate, oblong-lanceolate, some- 
times cordate at ba.se ; tlowers in dense, ter- 
minal spikes, pentandrous ; styles bifid ; 
stem nearly erect. Var. terres"tre, leaves 
smooth above, slightly pubescent beneath , 
spike ovate, oblong. Var. aquaficum 
leaves floating, ovate-lanceolate ; spike cy- 
lindric-oblong. 
4. Floicers in spiked panicled racemes. 
articvla'tum, (joint weed, r. Ju. 
leaves linear, obtuse ; flowers octandrous , 
styles 3 ; spikes paniculate, filiform, erect , 
pedicels solitary, articulate near the base* 
Sandy plains. 
5. Floicers sub racemed ; leaves cordate, 
sagittate, or hastate, 
sagitta'tum, (w. J. %.) stem prostrate, 
square ; the angles awned with reversed 
prickles; leaves sagittate; flowers octan- 
drous, in small peduncled heads. Wet 
grounds. 
arifo'lium. (r-w. Ju. stem prostrate, 
square, the angles with reversed prickles ; 
leaves long-petioled, hastate ; spikes few- 
flowered ; flowers hexandrous ; styles 2 or 
1. 2 4 f. 
convoV'vulns, (w. r. Ju. stamens 8 ; 
styles 3 ; leaves petioled, oblong, hastate- 
cordate ; stem long, twining ; segments of 
the perianth bluntly keeled. 
scan" dens, (climbing buckwheat, w. r. 
Au. 2^.) stamens 8 ; styles 3 ; leaves broad- 
cordate ; stipules truncate, naked ; stem 
twining, glabrous ; calyx bearing the fruit 
3-winged. 
cilino'de, (Ju. ^.) stamens 8 ; styles 3 , 
leaves cordate ; stipules sub-acute, sui 
rounded at the base with an outer ciliate 
series ; stem angled, prostrate or climbing ; 
divisions of the calyx obtusely keeled. 
hirsu'tum, (w. Ju. stamens 7 ; styles 
3-cleft ; spikes filiform ; stem and stipules 
very hirsute ; leaves lanceolate, hirsute, 
punctate. 2 f, S. 
Jimbria'tum, (w. Au.) spikes panicled , 
flowers solitary, fimbriate ; stipule truncate, 
fringed ; leaves linear, acute at each end 
2 f. S. 
set i'ceum, (w. Ju.) flowers octandrous 
styles "J-cleft; peduncles long, 2-spiked 
spikea interrupted, hiisute; leaves broad 
