458 
HAJNUNCULCJS. 
the brilliant red of its (eaves toward the 
close of autumn ; aconi short, ovate ; cup 
turbinate, scaly. The wood is used for 
cooper's staves. 
3. Fructification annual ; fniit peduncled ; 
leaves nwnless, lohecl. 
ohtmilo'ba, (iron-oak, post oak, M. ^.) 
leaves oblong, sinuate, cuneate at the base, 
pubescent beneath ; lobes obtuse, the upper 
dilated • cup hemispherical ; acora oval. 
30-5) f. 
_ al 'ba, (white-oak, M. .) loaves oblong, 
sinuate-pinnatifid, pubescent beneath ; lobes | 
obtuse, entire, nan owed at their bases, par- 1 
ticularly on full-grovvm trees; fi-uit pedun- ' 
cled ; calyx Boniewhat bowl-form, tuber- 1 
cled, flattened at the base ; acom ovate. { 
Fertile forests tliroughout the U. S. Tim- 1 
ber firm and durable, of great use in ship- 
building, and in many other arts. 70-100 
feet high. 
macrocar"pa, (over-cup oak, M. 1p .) leaves 
downy beneath, deeply lyrate, sinuate- 
lobed ; lobes obtuse, repand, upper ones 
dilated ; cup deep, upper scales setose ; 
acorn short-ovate. A large tree. 
oMcefor"mis, mossy-cup oak, M. ^ .) 
leaves oblong, smooth, glaucous beneath, 
deeply and unequally sinuate-pimiatifid ; 
cup veiy deep, crenate above ; acorn ellip- 
tic-oval. Hills. A large tree. 
4. Leaves entire, dentate. 
pri'nns, (swamp chestnut-oak, M. fj.) 
leaves long petioled, obovate, acute, pubes- 
cent beneath, coarsely toothed ; teeth dila- 
ted, caHous at the point ; cup deep, attenu- 
ate at the base ; acorn ovate. 
cliin"qnamn, (dwarf chestnut-oak, chin- 
quapin, M. Ip.) leaves obovate, obtuse, glab- 
rous, short-petioled, coarsely toothed, glau- 
cous beneath ; teeth nearly equal, dilated, 
callous at the apex ; cup hemispheric ; 
acorn ovate. A low shrub. 3-4 f 
monta'na, (rock chestnut oak, M. ^ .) leaves 
petioled, broadobovate, oblong, white- 
tomentose beneath, shining above, coarsely 
toothed, obtuse and unequal at the base ; 
teeth nearly equal, very obtuse ; fruit in 
pairs, short-ped uncled ; cup hemispheric, 
scales tuberculate, rugose ; acom ovate. 
30-50 f 
casta' nea, (yellow-oak, M. IX) leaves 
long-petioled, lance-oblong, obtuse at base, 
acuminate, tomentose beneath, coarsely 
toothed ; teeth iinequal, dilated, acute, cal- 
lous at the apex ; cup hemispheric ; acora 
ovate, sub globose. Mountains. 60-70 f. 
hi' color, (swamp white-oak, M. ^ .) leaves 
sliort petioled, oblong, obovate, white to- 
mentose beneath, coarsely toothed, entire at 
the ba.se-, teeth unequal, spread, acutish, cal- 
lous at the apex ; fruit in pairs, long-pedun- 
cled ; cup hemispheric ; acom oblong-ovate. 
Var. mof 7?.s,leaves toothed, sub-femiginous 
uiid soft-pube.scent beneath. 60-70 f. S. 
oir'^ens, (live-oak, M. ^.) leaves peren- 
qial, coriaceous, oblong-oval, entire, mar- 
gins revolute, obtuse at base, acute at the 
apex, stellate-pubescent beneath ; fruit ped- 
icelled ; cup turbinate , acorn oblong. 
40-60 f Florida. 
t pu'mila, iAp.i?.) leaves deciduous ol> 
long-lanceolate, syb undulate, acute and 
mucronate at the apex, glabrous above to- 
mentose beneath; acom nearly sphercal. 
2f. S. 
_ mariti'ma, (Ap. ^.) leaves perennial, co- 
riaceous, lanceolate, entire, glabrous, taper- 
ing at the base, acute at the apex, mucro- 
nate ; acom oval. 4-10 f. S. 
hemispher^'ica, (M. ^ .) leaves perennial, 
lance oblong, undivided. 3-lobed, and sinu- 
ate ; lobes mucronate, glabrous on both 
sides. Resembles the aqi!at"'ica. S. 
laurifo'Ua, (Ap. .) leaves nearly peren- 
nial, sessile, lance-oblong, sub-acute, taper- 
ing at the base, entire, glabrous on both 
sides; acom sub-ovate. Y^r.ohtu'sa,\e^yos 
obtuse at the apex. 40-50 f. S. 
cine'ren, (Ap. .) leaves perennial, coria- 
ceous, oblong-lanceolate, entire, margins 
sub revolute, mucronate at the apex, stel- 
late, tomentose beneath ; fi-uit sessile ; acom 
sub-globose. 20 f. iS*. 
viyrlifo'lia, ( Ip .) leaves perennial, coria- 
ceous, small, oblong-ovate, acute at each 
end, glabrous, shining and reticulate above 
margins revolute. S. 
na'na, ( ^ .) leaves cuneate, glabrous, 
3 lobed at the summit, sub-sinuate at the 
base ; lobes divaricate, mucronate ; middle 
one largest ; axils of the veins beneath pu- 
bescent ; acom ovate, sub-globose. S. 
michatix"ii, (Ap. ^.) leaves petioled, obo- 
vate, obtuse at the base, unequally dentate 
sinuate, tomentose beneath ; frait generally 
in pairs ; acorn very large, ovate. 50-60 f. 
S. 
lyra'ta, (Ap. leaves glabrous, sinuate, 
oblong ; lobes oblong, sub-acute, upper ones 
broad, angled ; cup as long a.g the globose 
nut ; acorn nearly covered. 60-70 f, <S^. 
i'le.x, (evergreen oak,) a very omamentaJ 
shrub. Ex. 
liiciimhea'na, (turkey-oak,) grows rapidly, 
and 'fomis a very handsome pyramidal tree 
Ex. 
BANUN"CULUS 12—12. (RanunculactoR., 
[Diminutive of rana, a frog, because it is 
found mostly in places v^'here frogs abound.] 
A. Leaves divided. 
abor"tivus, (y. M. 2^.) glabrous; stem 
striate, naked below ; radical leaves heart 
reniform, obtusely crenate, cauline onee 
pertoled, temate, angled, upper ones sessile, 
branches about 3-fiowered. 9-15 i. 
re pens, (y- M. 2^.) pubescent; leaves ter- 
nate, 3-clen, ga.shed; creeping shoots sent 
off in the summer ; peduncles fun-owed ; 
calyx spreading. Damp. 
a'cris, (crowfoot, buttercup, y. M. 2/.) 
hairs close-pressed ; leaves 3-parted, many- 
cleft, upper ones linear ; peduncles terete ; 
calyx spreading. 1 -2 f. 
scelera'tus, (celery crowfoot, y. Au. 11') 
radical leaves petioled, 3 parted, the seg- 
ments lobed, cauline ones sessile, 3-lobed , 
carpels small, numerous, forming an oblong 
head ; stem 1 t, succulent, bi-anched. 
his"pidus, (hairy crowfoot, vv-y.) stem and 
petioles with stift", spreading hairs; caly* 
hairy ; styles short. Wet ground 
