SONCIIUS. 
scabrous; leaves ovate-oblong, rough, with 
Bmall, rigid hairs ; those of the stem very 
entire, lower ones serrate ; flowering 
branches panicied; racemes compact ; rays 
elongated ; scales of the involucrum ob- 
tuse. 3-4 f. 
latifo'lia, (y. S. Oc. If.) stem somewhat 
flexnous, angular, smooth; leaves broad- 
ovate, acuminate, deeply serrate, glabrous ; 
petioles winged ; racemes axillary. 18 i. 
Dry woods. 
vimin-'ea, (twig golden-rod, y. Au. Oc. 
21.) erect, sub pubescent ; leaves lance-lin- 
ear, membranaceous, attenuate at base, 
glabrous ; margins scabrous ; lower ones 
Bub-serrate ; racemes erect ; rays elonga- 
ted. Banks of streams. 
virgau'rea, (European golden-rod, y. 2X-) 
stem terete, pubescent, flexuous ; leaves! 
eevrate, roughish, attenuate at the base ; | 
racemes panicied, erect ; rays elongated ; i 
flowers large. 1-3 f. Yox. alpi'na, small ; ^ 
leaves obovate or lanceolate. 3-6 i. The i 
only species common to both continents. 
7iovebo'race7i"si!i, (star golden-rod, y. Oc. 
11.) stem nearly leafless; branches fastigi- 
ate ; leaves rough, radical ones ovate ob- 
long, petioled ; flowers large. 2-3 f. Sandy 
fields. 
Sovthern species. 
1. Racemes one-sided. 
cineras" certs, (y. S. 11.) stem slender, pu- 
Descent; leaves long, linear lanceolate, at- 
tenuate at base, .«errate, sub-scabrous, pu- 
bescent, racemes recurved ; peduncles and 
ray-florets elongated ; seeds pubescent. 3 f. 
tortifo'Iia, (y. S. 14-.) stem pubescent; 
leaves linear-lanceolate, sub-serrate, ex- 
panding, twisted, the upper surface and 
midrib scabrous, nearly glabrous beneath ; I 
panicle pyramidal ; racemes recurved. 3 f. j 
corymbo'sa, (y. S. 2^.) stem robust and 
virgately erect, glabrous ; branches hispid ; 
lower leaves lance oblong ; upper ones 
ovate, all fleshy, glabrous, rigid, margins 
scabrous and ciliate ; racemes corymbed ; 
lo\ver ones recurved ; ray-florets elongated. 
4-6 f. 
pitch"cri, racemes glabrous ; leaves glab- 
rous, thickly set, lance-oblong, acuminate 
at each end, sharply serrate ; panicle pyra- 
midal, few-flowered; pedicels pubescent; 
liguli abbreviated. Ark. 
py ramida' f.a, (y. S. 2^.) stem terete, his- 
pid ; 'eaves oblong, acute, somewhat am- 
plexicaul, sessile, glabrous, margins sca- 
brous, rarely and obsoletely toothed ; pani- 
cle naked, pyramidal ; branches I'eflexed ; 
peduncles sqaamo.se. 4-6 f. 
retror"sa, (y S. 11-) stem terete, glabrous, 
Bomewhat amplexicaui, pubescent towards 
the summit; leaves closely sessile, linear, 
tapering above, glabrous, pellucid punc- 
tate, reflexed margins rough ; branches of 
the panicle recurved. 
2. Racemes erect. I 
pnlverulen"ta, (y. 2-f.) stem simple; stem 
and leaves pulverulent pubescent ; leaves 
pessile ; lower ones elliptic, serrate ; upper 
nues obovate, entire, margins scabrous; 
racemes erect, spike-form , ray-floiets elon" 
gated. 3-4 f. 
pvbes"ceus, (y. Oc. li.) stem branching, 
pubescent, slightly scabrous, generally col 
ored, with numerous branches rigidly 
erect; leaves long, lanceolate, tapering at 
base, pubescent ; lower ones serrate ; ra- 
cemes eiect, panicied ; ray-florets middle 
sized. 3-4 f. 
pancijlos" ctdo' sa, (y. S. 2^.) smooth, suf- 
fruticose ; leaves lanceolate, obtuse, nerve- 
less ; panicle compound, many-flowered ; 
the clusters erect; involucrum oblong, 5- 
flowered ; floret of the ray, one. 
glomern'ta, (y. 24-) stem simple, low; 
leaves glabrous, lance-oblong, serrate ; 
lovi^er ones broad-oval, acuminate ; racemes 
simple, composed of axillary heads, upper 
ones clustered ; involucrum turgid, many- 
flowered. 
angustifo'lia, (y. S. 2^.) stem glabrous, 
generally colored, with many slender, erect 
branches above ; leaves subulate-linear, en- 
tire, glabrous; racemes erect, panicied; 
ray-florets middle sized. 2-3 f. 
ela'ta, (y. S. 2^.) stem terete, hairy, to 
mentose above ; leaves lance-oval, acute, 
sub entire, veiny, tomentose beneath; ra- 
cemes erect, panicied ; ray-florets elonga- 
ted. 2 3 f, 
salici'na, (y. S. 2^.) stem tall, slender, pu- 
bescent above, somewhat scabrous ; branch 
es virgate, long, erect ; leaves lanceolate, 
sessile, scabrous above, glabrous beneath ; 
lower ones serrate ; racemes sub-secund ; 
branches short, sometimes recurved. 4-5 f. 
hirsu'ta, sub pilose ; stem simple; ra- 
cemes erect ; flowers sub-racemose-glomer- 
ate ; leaves elliptic-ovate, scattered ; lowei 
ones .spatulate, finely crenale. 
squarro'sa, (y. S.) stem branching, pubes- 
cent; leaves lanceolate, acute, seiTate, soft- 
ly pubescent beneath ; lower ones taper- 
ing at base ; racemes compound, erect ; 
flowers large ; involucrum squarrose ; ray- 
florets about 10, scarcely longer than the 
involucrum. 3-5 f. 
SON"CHUS. 17—1. (Corymbiferm.) 
olera'ceus, (sow-thistle, y. Ju. @.) leaves 
lance-oblong, clasping, slightly foothed and 
serrate ; peduncles axillary and terminal 
covered with cotton-like down. Waste 
grounds. 2-4 f. Introduced. 
arveii''sis, root creeping; leaves runci- 
nate, denticulate, cordi te at the base ; in- 
volucre hispid ; flowers l&rge, deep yellow ; 
stem 2 f. 
mucrophyVlus, (b. Au. 2X.) leaves lyrate. 
cordate at base, hairy beneath ; peduncles 
hairy, naked ; fl»wers panicied. 4-7 f. 
spinulo'sus, (y. Au. ^.) leaves clasping, 
undulate, spinose, oblong; flowers some- 
what umbelled. 2 f. Salt marshes. 
leiicop/ice'us, (b-w. Ju, ^ .) peduncles 
squamo.se ; flowers racemed ; leaves run- 
cinate, acuminate ; stem virgate and pani- 
cied. 2 5 f. Swamps. 
Jlorida'nus, (b. Ju. $ ,) peduncles sub. 
squamose ; flovvers panicied ; leaves lyrate- 
runcinale, denticulate, petioled. 3-6 i. 
aciimina'tas, (b. Au. ^ .) peduncles sul> 
