VIOLA. 
491 
nppf T one generally naked, glabrous ; lat- 
eral ones densely l?carded, and with the 
apper one marked with a few blue lines; 
spur elongated behind. A variety has the 
leaves more or less villose. Dry. 
f Leaves ovate or lanceolate ; cm-olla white, 
with the lateral petals narroiver.] 
amas'na, (E. w. Ap. If.) glabrous ; leaves 
jvate, sub-acuminate, crenate, sometimes 
8ub-villose above ; petioles long, spotted 
with red ; peduncle somewhat 4-sided, 
•(]ualling or exceeding the length of the 
leaves, spotted ; divisions of the calyx lan- 
ceolate ; petals all very entire, green at 
the base ; lateral ones sometimes with the 
ba.ic pubescent, and with the upper one 
marked with a few blue lines. Moist 
woods. Flowers odorous. 
primnlifo'lia, (primrose-leaved violet, w. 
J. 2X-) stoloniferous ; leaves oblong, sub- 
cordate, abruptly decurrent into the petiole ; 
nerves beneath and scape somewhat pu- 
bescent ; sepals lanceolate ; petals obtuse ; 
the two lateral ones a little bearded and 
striate ; stigma capitate, rostrate. Var. 
villo'sa, leaves very green ; petioles dense- 
ly villose, becoming hoary. Flowers 
odorous. 
blanf'da, (smooth violet, w. Ap. 2^.) glab- 
.ous; leaves round, sometimes sub ovate. 
;renate, appressed to the ground,' some- 
times sprinkled with a few short hairs 
above; petioles pubescent; peduncles 
somewhat 4 sided, longer than the leaves ; 
segments of the calyx lanceolate, obtuse ; 
petals all very entire, green at the ba.se; 
lateral ones slightly bearded and striate, 
ihe lower one distinctly striate and some- 
what bearded ; stigma depressed, rostrate ; 
corolla small, odorous. 2-4 i. Wet, low 
grounds. 
{Stemless, not belonging to the preceding 
divisions.] 
rotundifo'lia, (O. M. y. 2^.) glabrous ; 
leaves thickish, appressed to the earth, 
broad-ovate or orbicular, cordate, crenate; 
nerves pube.scent beneath; sinus closed; 
peduncle somewhat 4-sided, as long as the 
leaves ; divisions of the calyx oblong, ob- 
tuse ; petals sometimes emarginate, upper 
ones small; lateral ones somewhat beard- 
ed, and with the upper one marked with a 
few yellowish brown lines ; spur very 
short. Woods. 1-3 i. 
peda'ta, (M. p-b. 11) glabrous; leaves 
sometimes ciHate, variously divided, very 
open, pedately 9-parted; divisions linear, 
and obtusely lanceolate, generally 3-lobed 
at the apex, often simply lanceolate, with 
the apex 5-7-lobed ; peduncle somewhat 4- 
sided; divisions of the calyx lanceolate, 
acute, ciliate, emarginate behind ; petals 
all white at the base, veinless, very entire, 
very glabrous, naked ; upper one truncate, 
and marked with a few very blue lines, 
sometimes obsolete. Var. veluti'rui,\\iis the 
two lower petals of a very deep violet- 
color, and appears like velvet. Var al'ba, 
has white flowers. Dry 3-4 i. IS 
B. Caulescent. 
pnhes"cem, (y. 11.) villose-pubescent, 
stem simple, erect, terete, leafless below 
leaves broad-ovate, cordate, dentate ; pet> 
oles short ; stipules large, ovate, dentate . 
peduncles 4 sided, shorter than the leaves; 
bracts subulate ; minute divisions of the 
calyx lanceolate ; petals all very entire, 
veinless ; up[)er one naked, glabrous ; late- 
ral ones bearded, and with the upper one 
marked with a few blue lines ; lower ones 
often becoming reddish outside ; spur short, 
gibbous, acuti.sh ; stigma pubescent, scarcely 
beaked. Varies in pubescence, leaves are 
sometimes glabrous ; the capsules are either 
glabrous or woolly. 4-12 i., rarely 4 f 
rostra' ta, (beaked violet, b-p. M. 2^.) 
smooth ; stem dilfuse, erect, terete ; leavea 
orbicular and ovate, cordate, crenate-den- 
tate, younger ones cucullate ; .stipules lin- 
ear, acuminate, furnished v/ith elongated, 
linear teeth; peduncles filiform, axillary, 
very long ; segments of the calyx lanceo- 
late, acute, entire behind; petals all very 
entire, veinless, naked, beardless, upper and 
lateral ones marked with a few blue hnes ; 
spur straight, linear, compressed, obtu.se, 
double the length of the petals; stigma 
sub-clavate; root woody, perpendicular, 
fibrous. Var. barba'ta, lateral petals bearded. 
6-10 i. 
slria'ta, (striped violet, y-w. J. 11.) 
smooth ; stem oblique, branching, angular ; 
leaves roundish, ovate, sub-acuminate, cre- 
nate dentate, sometimes sub-pubescent ; pet- 
ioles long ; stipules large, oblong-lanceolate, 
dentate-ciliate ; peduncles quadrangular ; 
bracts linear, rather large ; segments of the 
calyx lanceolate, acuminate, ciliate. emar- 
ginate behind ; petals entire, upper one 
marked with a few blue lines, naked, 
smooth, sometimes a little villose, lateral 
ones bearded, lower one occaisionally a 
little villose ; spur sub-porrected ; stigma 
pubescent behind. 
mnh'lenberg"ia'na, (slender violet, b-p 
M. 2^.) smooth ; stem weak, sub-prostrate; 
leaves reniform-cordate, upper ones ovate, 
crenate; stipules lanceolate, serrate-ciliate, 
sub-pinnate ; peduncles somewhat quadran- 
gular, axillary, longer than the leaves, 
bracts minute, subulate; segments of the 
calyx linear, acute, sub-ciliate ; petals all 
entire, veinle.ss ; upper one naked, glabrous, 
lateral ones bearded, the upper one marked 
with a few blue lines ; spur porrected, com- 
pressed, obtuse ; stigma ciliate behind ; 
beak ascending. 3-6 i. 
hasta'ta, (halbert- violet, y. M. 11) smooth- 
stem erect, simple, terete, leafy above ; 
leaves long-petioled, cordate-lanceolate or 
hastate, acuminate ; lobes obtuse, dentate ; 
stipules minute, ciliate-dentate ; petals all 
very entire, lower ones dilated, sub-3 lobed, 
lateral ones slightly bearded ; spur short, 
gibbose, acutish ; stigma truncate, or pu- 
bescent ; capsule glabrous, or pubescent oix 
all sides. Var. gib'ha, has no hastate oi 
deltoid leaves. 8-12 i. Mountain.s. 
canaden"sis, (r. w-y. M. 24^.) smooth 
stem sub simple, erect, terete ; stipales en 
