492 
VlKGILlA— X Y'LOSTEUM 
tire, memltranaceous, oblong, sub-ovate or 
lance-ovate ; leaves broad-cordate, acumi- 
nate, serrate, sli^^btly pubescent on tbe 
nerves, lower ones long-petioled ; peduncle 
somewhat 4-sided ; bracts subulate ; flow- 
ers regular, large ; segments of tbe calyx 
subulate, acute, entire behind ; petals white, 
very entire, veiny, becoming yellow at the 
base, lower ones pale violet, upper ones 
broad, spreading, lateral ones bearded, with 
the upper one marked with a few blue 
lines; stigma short, pubescent; spur very 
short; flowers odorous. 6-24 i. Moist. 
Rocky woods. 
C. Exotic, 
tri'color, (garden-violet, heart's ease, pan- 
sy, p. y. b p. M. 11.) stem angular, diffuse, 
divided ; loaves oblong, deeply crenate ; 
stipules lyrate-pinnatifid. 
odora'ia, (sweet-vioiet, b. M. ^).) stem- 
less ; .scions creeping ; leaves cordate, cre- 
nate, smoothish ; calyx obtuse ; two lateral 
petals with a bearded or hairy line. 
VIRG1L"IA. 10 — 1. yLeguminosce.) [In honor 
of the poet Virgil.] 
Ivte'a, (y. J. leaves pinnate; leafets 
alternate, ovate, short, acuminate, glabrous ; 
racemes elongated, piendulous; legumes 
petioled. flat. The bark is used in dying 
yellow. »S. 
V1S"CUM. 20—4. (Caprifolia.) [From the 
Greek ixos, altered by the .^olians into bis- 
kos. The Greeks iiad a great veneration for 
this plant on account of its supposed medi- 
cal virtues, and tiie Druids ascribed to it 
many miraculous powers.] 
ru'brum, ( (p.) leaves lanceobovate, ob- 
tuse ; spikes axillaiy, whorled. S. 
pm-pu'reum, ( ^ .) leaves obovate, obtuse, 
i)b,so!etely 3-nerved ; spikes axillaiy ; flow- 
ers opposite. S. 
vert icilla' turn, (mistletoe, g. w. J. 2^.) 
branches opposite and whorled ; leaves 
wo'lge-obovate, 3 nerved ; spikes axillary, 
a little shorter than the leaves ; berries yel- 
lowish white. On the branches of old 
trees. 
VI'TIS. 5-1. (VUices.) 
Zflims"e«, (plum-grape, w-g. J. ^.) leaves 
broad-cordate, lobe angled, white-downy 
beneath ; fertile ra( emes small ; berries 
(blue, flesh-color, and gieen) large. Var. 
lab')~uscoi'des.(^ox i^va.pe), has smaller fruit, 
approaching a tart taste. 
vulpi'na, (fro.st-grape, g-w. J. .) leaves 
cordate, acuminate, ga.sh-toothed, glabrous 
both sides ; racemes lax, many flowered ; 
berries small ; leaves very variable, but the 
Tippei-most mature leaves will agree with 
the description. 
cesti'valis, (summer-grape, J. leaves 
3-.5 lobed, younger ones rust-downy be- 
neath, when old nearly smooth ; sinuses 
rounded ; racemes opposite the leaves, 
crowded, oblong ; berries dee[»-blue or pur- 
ple. Woods, on banks of streams. 
Hpa'tia, (w-g. M. .) leaves unequally 
incisel}' tootbed, shortly S lobed, [lube.scent 
on tbe petioles, margins, and nerves ; flow- 
ers sweet-.scented. 
bipinna'ta, (g-w. Ju.) leaves bipinnate, 
glabrous; leafets iucisely serrate; flowers 
pontandrous; berry S-celled; cells 1-4 
seeded. S. 
indi'visa, (,T. 2X.) leaves simple, cordate 
or truncate at base, somewhat 3-nerved, pu- 
bescent on tlie nerves beneath ; flowera 
pentandrous and pentapetalous ; berry 
1 celled, 1-2 seeded. Swamps. 
vinif'era, (wine-grape, J.^.) leaves sin 
uate-lobed, naked or downy. Ex. 
WARE'A. 14—2. (CrucifcrcB.) 
cuneij'o'lia, (w.) leaves nearly sessile, ra- 
ther thick, oblong, obtuse, attenuate at the 
base ; siliques with the valves somewhat 
convex. 1-2 f. Georgia and Florida. 
amplexifo'lia, (p. @.) silique two-edged, 
pendulous ; leaves oblong-ovate, half-clasp- 
ing. It S. 
XAN"THIUM. 19—5. (Corymbifera.) [From 
xanthos. yellow, a color said to be produced 
by the plant.] 
strmna'rivm, (cockle buiT, sea-burdock, 
Au. stem unarmed ; leaves ovate, an- 
gulate-dentate, sub cordate, and strongly 
3 nerved at base; fruit oval, pubescent, 
armed with rigid, hooked bristles. 3-6 f. 
spinn'snm. (thorny clot-weed, S. 
spines ternate ; leaves 3-lobed ; flowers ax- 
illary, solitary. 2-4 f. 
XANTHOX"YLUM. 20—5. (Terebintaccce.) 
[From xanthos, yellow, and rwZon.'wood, al 
Inding to its color.] 
fraxin"evm, (prickly a.sh, tooth-ache bush, 
g-w. M. ^ .) prickly ; leaves pinnate ; leafets 
I lance oval, sub-entire, equal at ba.se ; peti- 
oles terete, unanned; umbels axillary, 
j 8-12 f. The bark is pungent, and is used 
I for medicinal purposes. 
tricar" piim, (J. ^ .) leaves glabrous, pin 
I nate ; leafets petioled, falcate-lanceolate 
I crenate-sen-ate ; petioles unarmed ; flowers 
I bearing petals ; capsules mostly in threes 
I leaves very aromatic and pungent. 
XANTHORHl'ZA.. 5—12. {Ranvnculacem \ 
[From xanthos, yellow, and riza, root.] 
apiifo'lia (parsley yellow-root, Ap. 
leaves 3-ternate ; petioles dilated and clasp- 
ing at the base ; flowers racemed. 1 -3 f 
Banks of streams. 
XEROPHYL"LUM. 6-3. {Junci.) 
aspliodeloi' des, (w. J. filaments dilated 
toward the base, and equalling the corolla ; 
racemes oblong, crowded; bracts setace- 
ous; scape leafy; leaves subulate, 3-5 f. 
tdnax, (w. J. If.) scape leafy; racemes 
lax; bracts membranaceous; petals ellip 
tic ; filaments filiform, exceeding the corolla, 
leaves subulate-setaceous, very long. 
XYLOS"TEUM. 5—1. (Caprifoli<z.) 
cilia'tnm, (fly-honeysuckle, twiu-berry, 
w-y. M. ^ .) berries distinct ; leaves ovate 
and sub-cordate, margin ciliate, in the 
young state villose beneath ; corolla a littla 
calcarate at the base, tube ventricose 
above, divisions t hort, acate ; style exsert. 
3-4 f. 
solo'nis, (swamp twin-beny, y. M. ^ 1 
berries united in one, bi-umbilicate (nevei 
distinct), two fl(»wers situated on one gerai 
leaves oblong-ovate, villose. Befrics dark 
purple. 2 f. 
