INDEX AND VOCABULAKY. 
^auru'ruSi 203. 
IBaxifraga'ce^, 460. 
Sca'ber, or Scabrous. Rough. 
Scales, 64, c. 
Sca'l7j bulb, 37. 
Scan dens. Climbing. 
Scaj^e, 41. 
Sea rious. Having a thin membraneous margin. 
Scat'tered. Standing without any regular order. 
Sccn'ery of American forests, 53. 
Sci'ons. Shoots proceeding laterally from the 
roots or bulb of a root. 
Scour' ing-YM&h, 285. 
Scrophularia'cejE, 487. 
Sea-weeds, 288, PI. 8, Figs. 8, 9, 10, 11. 
Se'cund. Unilateral, arranged on one side only. 
Sedge, 275. 
?EKD, 98, 103, 104, 114. 
Seg'nient. A part or principal division of a leaf, 
calvx. or corolla. 
Sem inai leaf, 52. 
Sempervt vens. Living through the winter, and 
retaining its leaves. 
Sen'cca snakeroot, 271. 
f'en'na, 216. 
iCen'sitive fern, 285. 
plant, 216. 
Se]) al. Leaves or divisions of the calyx. 
Sep'als, 67. ' 
changed to petals, 109. 
and petals modified leaves, 69. 
Sep'ta. Partitions that divide the interior of the 
fruit. 
Sep'tas, 204. 
Septif'crous. Bearing septa. 
Ser rate. Notched like the teeth of a saw. 
Serrulate. IVIinutely serrate. 
Ser'rulated, 54, d. 
Ses'amw, 485. 
Ses'sile. Sitting down; placed immediately on 
the main stem, without a foot-stalk. 
Seta. A bristle. 
68, b. 
Seta'ceous. Bristle-form. 
Se'tose. Covered with bristles. 
S/iflrf-blossom, 300. 
Shaft. A pillar, sometimes applied to the style. 
Sheath. A tubular or folded leafy portion includ- 
ing within it the stem. 
Sheath' ing, 54, /. 
Shoot. Each tree and shrub sends forth annu- 
ally a large shoot in the spring, and a smaller 
one from the end of that in June. 
Shrub. A plant with a woody stem, branching 
out nearer the ground than a tree, usually 
smaller. 
Sic'cus. Dry. 
Side-saddle flower, 230, PL 3, Fig. 5. 
Silene', 221. 
Sil'icle, 91, 239, 240. 
SilictUo'scB, 411. 
Siliqne', 91, 239, 240. 
SUi(]uo's(B, 411. 
Silk-cot' ton-tree, 248, a. 
Sil've7--tree, 180. 
Sim'ple. Not divided, branched or compounded. 
Sin'uate, 54, p. 
Si'nus. A bay ; applied to the plant, a roundish 
cavity in the edge of the leaf or petal. 
■S/fe/'efon of the leaf, 60. 
Sleep of plants, 62, 4. 
Smila'ck^e. 
Smith, Sir J. E., 355. 
Smut, 324, 5th. 
Snake'root, 252, 271. 
Snow'-ball, 191. 
Sobo'les, 43. 
Sol'omon's-seal, 199, b. 
6oi.ana'ck.«, 496. 
So'ri. Plural of Borus ; fruit-dots on lerna. 
So'rose, 97. 
Spa'dix, 68, Fig. 96. 
Spa'tha, 68, Fig. 9t5. 
Spat'ulale. Lai'ge, obtuse at the end, gradual]^ 
tapering into a stalk at the base. 
Species, 149. 
number of, 146. 
Specific. Belonging to a species only. 
names, 150, a. 
Sper'ma. Seed. 
Sper'moderm., 99. 
S;>«6e-bush, 213. 
Spi'derwort^ 199. 
Sjnge'litB, 460. 
Spike, 83, b. 
Spike'iet. A small spike, 175. 
Spin' die-root, 34. 
Spin' die-shaped. Thick at top, gradually taper 
ing, fusiform. 
Spine. A thorn or sharp process growing from 
the wood, 64, c. 
Spines' cent. Bearing spines or thorns, Fig. 50, a. 
Spino'sus. Thorny. 
Spi'ral. Twisted like a screw. 
vessels, 118. 
Sponge, 378. 
Spoj^gioles, 30, 40. 
Sporangia, 284. 
Spore-cases, 2S5, Fig. 217, Fig. 218. 
Spor'ules. That part in cryptogamous plants 
which answers to seeds, 286. 
Spur. A shaip hollow projection from the co- 
rolla, formerly called a nectary. 
Spurred rye. A morbitl swelling of the seed, ol 
a black or dark color, sometimes called ergot ; 
the black kind is called the malignant ergot 
Grain growing in low, moist ground, on new 
land, is most subject to it. 
Squa'mose. Scaly. 
Squa'mula, 68, b. 
Squaf rose. Ragged, having divergent scales. 
SquilU 199, 
Stamens, 79. 
regarded in the Linnaean classes^ 77, c, 
modified leaves, 77, a. 
and pistils, 76, 77. 
Stam'inate. Having stamens without piBtilB. 
ament, Fig. 95, ft. 
Stand'ard. See Banner. 
Staphyla'ck.e, 439. 
Starch, 99. 
Stella t<B, 180, 466, Fig. 54, a. 
Stel'late. Like a star. 
Stem, 40. 
Stem'less. Having no stem. 
Ster'il. Barren. 
Stig'ma, 80, c. 
Stings, 64, d. 
Stipe, 41, c ; 102, 290. 
Stip'itate. Supported by a stipe. 
Stip'ule, 64, Fig. 59. a ; Fig. 64. 
Sto'lon, 43. 
Stnlonif'erous. Putting forth scions, or ruiuung 
shoots. 
Stoma'ta, 23, 50, 61. 
Stramin'eous. Straw-like, straw-colore^. 
Stramo'nium, 185. 
Strap-form. Ligulate. 
Stra'tum. A layer : plural, strata. 
Straw' berry, 228. 
Stri'ate. Marked with fine parallel Unea 
Stric'tus. Stiff and straight, erect. 
Stri'gose. Armed with close, thick briftl^ 
Strobi'lum, 97. 
Struc'ture of the leaf, 50-60. 
Style. 80, b. 
Styli des. Plants with a yei^ Ipng stvje 
Styp aca'ck^). 
