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NAT. ORDER. ROSACEA. 
By budding. This mode of propagating roses is adopted only 
with the rarer kinds, and such as are difficult to propagate by layers ; 
for it is found that plants so originated, even though on stocks of the 
hardier sorts, are less durable than such as are raised by any of the 
other modes. But the chief use of budding in the culture of the 
Rose, is to produce standard-roses, or to produce several sorts from 
the same tree or bush. Standard-roses are a modern invention, it is 
generally supposed, of the Dutch, first carried to Paris, and about 
thirty years ago to England. They are highly artificial objects of 
great beauty, and form magnificent ornaments to borders. The 
stocks are either Rosa villosa, the Tree Rose, or of any sorts of wild 
roses, which grow to a large size. They are budded at different 
heights, from three to seven feet, but usually between five and six 
from the ground. The stocks are procured from woods and copses : 
and, after being planted in nursery lines, are often budded the same 
summer ; sometimes in summer by the scallop mode of budding, and. 
never later than the succeeding spring or summer by the common 
mode. Generally two buds are inserted on opposite sides of the 
stock, but often three, four, or a dozen, in alternate positions on the 
upper six or twelve inches of the stem. Every stock is supported 
by a rod, which should reach a foot or eighteen inches higher than 
the situation of the bud : to this rod the stock is tied, and afterwards 
the shoots from the buds, which are otherwise liable to be blown 
out by high winds. The nurserymen of France, being supplied 
with stronger stocks than can be procured in this country, and having 
a better climate, and more experience in the culture of roses, excel 
us in this department of rose propagation, and their standards afford 
an article of commerce with other countries. Their common plants, 
raised by layers, are also in extensive demand, but in these we equal 
if not surpass them. 
Final situation. No species of Rose, wild or cultivate !, thrives 
well in or near large towns, on account of the smoke or confined air. 
The Yellow and Austrian Roses, Rosa lutea and Rosa bicolor, are 
