NAT. ORDER. POMACEiE. 
137 
order to furnish a more abundant quantity of fruit-buds. During 
both courses of pruning, be particularly careful to preserve all the 
orderly fruit-spurs, omitted at the sides and ends of the bearers ; if, 
however, any large, rugged, projecting spurs, and wooden barren 
stumps or snags occur, cut them clea$ away close to the branches, 
which will render the bearers more productive of fruit-buds, and 
regular in appearance. As each tree is pruned, nail or tie the 
branches or shoots to the wall or trellis. If afterwards, in conse- 
quence of either pruning out improper or decayed wood, or of former 
insufficient training, there are any material vacuities or irregularities 
in the arrangement, unnail the misplaced and contiguous branches, 
and jay them in order. 
An acquaintance of mine, by correspondence, informs me that 
his mode of training the Pear-tree is as follows : — ' : A young Pear- 
stock, which had two lateral branches upon each side, and was 
about six feet high, was planted against a wall early in the spring; 
and it was grafted in each of its lateral branches, two of which 
sprang out of the stem, about four feet from the ground, and the 
others at the summit in the following year. The shoots these grafts 
produced were about a foot long, were trained downwards, the un- 
dermost nearly perpendicular, and the uppermost just below the 
horizontal line, placing them at such distances that the leaves did 
not at all shade those of another. In the next year the same mode 
of training was continued, and the year following I obtained an 
abundant crop of fruit. 
Insects, diseases, &c. The Pear-tree is liable to the attacks of 
the same insects as the apple-tree, and the fruit of the summer 
kinds, when ripe, is liable to be eaten by birds, wasps, &c, which 
must be kept off by shooting and hanging bottles of water and ot her 
preventives. For other points of culture, gathering and storing, 
see the apple. 
Medical Properties and Uses. See Vol. I. p. 92 — Pyrus spec- 
tabilis. 
