186 
FIRST BOOK. 
Slugs aud insects are the frog's food, and these it swallows whole, 
for it has no chewing teeth. Both air and water can pass in through 
the pores of its skin. It breathes by Imigs^ and gulps down the air 
which enters at the nostrils. 
THE SHAEK (p. 44). 
Description, — The shark, like all other fishes, has a back- 
bone and cold blood, and breathes by gilh^ not by lungs. The water 
enters by the mouth and runs out over the gills. In the gills the 
fine blood-vessels are spread out, so that the blood may be made 
fresh and pure by the air that the water contains. 
Like other fishes, also, the shark has^^i^ for swimming, and scales 
for a covering. The skin is rough and strong, and the scales are 
hard and horny. 
The shark has a thick, fleshy tail, by which it drives itself along 
swiftly. Its mouth is wide, and is set with many rows of teeth. 
Ha.bits. — It is a fierce and greedy fish, and very strong. It 
feeds on other fishes, and is also able to seize a man and kill him. 
BEES.— I. (p. 46). 
Kinds. — In each hive there are: (1) The queen, which is larger 
than the other bees, and lays the eggs ; (2) the drones, which have 
no sting, and are killed, after a time, by (3) the worker's. The 
workers are smaller than the drones, and have stings. Some of 
them are engaged in making wax for the cells and in gathering 
honey; while others are employed in taking care of the eggs, in 
nursing and feeding the grubs, and in attending on the queen. 
Ceils. — The six-sided cells form the comb. Honey is stored in 
some of them; and in the rest the eggs are laid. The queen-bee 
lays thousands of eggs, but only one in each cell. Grubs are hatched 
from the eggs. They are fed in the cells by the nurse-bees; their 
food is bee-bread, made of pollen and honey. The grub changes to 
a chrysalis, from which the bee, a ^perfect insect, comes forth after 
about ten days. 
BEES.— II. (p. 49). 
Swarming^. — Sometimes the queen leaves the hive, followed 
by a swarm of bees. Then a young queen-bee takes her place. 
