SUMMARY. 
189 
drawn back at will. The two longer of these bear the eyes at their 
tips. 
Ha.bits» — Snails seek moist places, and some kinds live in the 
water. Land snails and slugs do much harm bj feeding on the 
leaves and stems of growing plants. Many birds find snails choice 
morsels; and in some parts of the world even people eat them. 
Part IL— PLANT LIFE. 
PLANTS (p. 68). 
Two Kinds. — Plants are either: 
(1) Floioering^ bearing flowers and seeds ; or 
(2) Flowerless, having spores instead of seeds, as ferns. 
A flowering plant has root, stem, leaves, flowers, and fruit. 
Plants 'feed, breathe, and ^row. 
They feed by (1) their roots, which take up moisture and plant- 
food from the soil; and by (2) their leaves, which take in gases from 
the air. They breathe by their leaves, which take in one gas and 
give out another. 
Uses. — Plants suppl}^ us with: 
(1) Food and medicine. 
(2) Fibre for making clothing, rope, mats, &c. 
(3) Wood, for houses, furniture, tools, &c. 
(4) Dyes of lovely colours. 
EOOTS.— 1. (p. 72). 
Kinds. — (1) Tap-roots, as in the coff'ee and carrot. In these, 
side branches spring from the main root. (2) Fibrous roots, as in 
corn. The chief root-fibres start from the end of the green shoot. 
Root-ha.irs grow in great numbers on the young root- threads 
or fibres. With end protected by a kind of cap, the root-hairs push 
their way through the soil and take up the plant-food. 
EOOTS.— IL (p. 75). 
Thickened Roots. — Some plants la}" up a store of starchy 
food in their roots, on which they feed while bringing forth their 
