Aug. 6, 1904.] 
FOREST AND STREAM. 
11B 
whom he may invite to share the sport with him can 
partake of it. 
; On these streams, it is a matter of common observation 
that the great amount of food helps to attract the migrat- 
ing birds in fall, and to keep them there, and the natural 
t'6od is frequently supplemented by artificial feeding, such 
as throwing acorns into the water, or scattering Indian 
corn in the shallow places. There are places where 
owners have set aside small stretches of river or certain 
ponds or lakes where no shot may be fired, and in such 
places the ducks congregate in enormous numbers, and 
are so tame that they pay no attention to the people who 
may try to frighten them and make them take to wing. 
In a very few places in this country we have examples 
of this kind, and at one Florida resort — West Palm 
Beach — the wild ducks that winter there become so tame 
that they will take food from the hand. This territory 
is protected against shooting by State law, and is an ob- 
ject lesson to all gunners and game preservers, just as 
the Yellowstone National Park is such- an object lesson. 
Shotgun. 
A Plan of Guide Registration. 
We have published from time to time notes of a proposed 
scheme of registration for the men employed as guides by 
clubs in the preserves of Quebec. Those who are inter- 
ested have been developing the plan, and the following 
circulars have recently been sent out to the secretaries of 
the various clubs : 
Dear Sir: 
The committee appointed by the Triton Club respectfully sub- 
mit the following statement and enclosures, and in doing so 
.earnestly request your co-operation and aid, especially in making 
suggestions and in endeavoring to bring our clubs together in a 
movement that should result in general benefit. 
The object of this movement is to introduce some system of 
guide registration unencumbered with intricate detail, but suf- 
ficiently broad nevertheless to insure good service and protection 
to the better class of guides as against a set of worthless men 
who know little of the woods and still less of camp duties. As 
will be seen from enclosures, the restrictions are limited; in other 
words, the requirements for registration are very simple, and do 
not involve any detail which would trouble the most illiterate 
guide. 
It seems to our committee that such a scheme can result in no 
injury to any club, or to the guides, and we believe that the 
fostering of some slightly restrictive action is quite advisable. It 
may be that some clubs are entirely satisfied with existing condi- 
tions, and may see no reason for any attempt at a change. On 
second consideration, however, and looking more to the future, it 
is the opinion of our committee that the present conditions can 
be improved without detriment to the interests of any of our 
clubs. The free exchange of guide lists and the holding of a 
complete list by each club, as issued by the proposed general 
committee, cannot work injury to any one, nor will any club 
have advantage over another. The idea that certain clubs have 
guides at present on their lists that are unknown to other clubs 
is rather childish, and no jealousy should exist in this respect. 
The Tritcn Club surely has as large a guide list as any other 
neighboring ciub, but the exchange of lists is considered by said 
club as highly advisab.e under the various restrictions and rules 
noted herewith. 
The object of thus writing you is to ask your co-operation and 
aid; also to ask your advice and to secure all the suggestions 
in regard to changing the enclosures that you can possibly make. 
We must all work together in mutual interest. 
Will you kindly reply as soon as possible, and later on, if the 
scheme meets with general approval, a complete or revised list 
of regulations will be sent you; and then, also, a request for you 
to name the party whom you would wish to represent your club 
on the general committee. A meeting will then be called and 
minor details attended to. Believe me, sir, yours very truly, 
Andrew Gray Weeks, 
For the Triton Club Committee. 
FORM OF AGREEMENT GOVERNING THE REGISTRA- 
TION OF GUIDES BY CLUBS IN THE PROVINCE OF 
QUEBEC: 
Section 1. No person shall engage as guide, either for inland 
fishing or forest hunting, until his name, age and residence is 
recorded in a book kept for that purpose by the local club super- 
intendent or other authorized officer, and has procured a certifi- 
cate from said authorized party, setting forth that he is deemed 
suitable to act as guide. 
Section II. Each registered guide shall ? as often as. requested 
by the authority noted in Section I., furnish to said authority or 
the g;eneral committee a statement of the number of persons he 
has served in any one season, and such other useful information 
relating to fishing and hunting, the protection of the forests, and 
any matters connected with game and fish protection as may be 
requested. 
Section HI. Registration as is noted in Sections L, II. and VI. 
shall be provided for as follows: The applicant shall apply in 
person or in writing to the authorized parties noted in Section 
I., and as soon thereafter as may, the authorized party, after 
such investigation as he deems proper, and having obtained in- 
formation suited to the interests of the possible employers, shall 
issue such certificate in the form prescribed. 
Section IV. The authorized parties noted in Section I. may 
refuse to register any applicant whom they deem unfit to act as 
guide. 
Section V. Whenever a registered guide, as provided in above 
sections, is guilty of any violation of any of the inland fish and 
game laws, or for any reason is deemed unfit, the authorized 
parties shall, at their discretion, cancel his certificate of registra- 
tion and strike his name from the list of lsegistered guides, and 
the certificate shall be immediately returned to the authorized par- 
ties. - N, 
Section VI. 1. No person shall receive a certificate as a guide 
unless he is of good repute, and friendly to the inland fish and 
game laws, and active in discountenancing all violations of said 
laws when brought to his notice. . He shall be thoroughly com- 
petent to handle such boats or canoes as may be used in the 
locality in which he guides, and be familiar with the requirements 
isually expected by visiting sportsmen, and shall be a safe per- 
son under all circumstances, to guide inland fishing and hunting 
parties. 
Section VII. Guides shall be subject to such instructions 3s 
the head guide deems proper and necessary. 
" Section VIII. There shall be no fee for registration, but no 
person shall be employed who is not registered under the terms 
of the preceding and following sections. 
Section IX. The payment for' registered guides shall be $1.50 
per day. 
Section X. 1. Each club assenting to the regulations noted in 
Sections I. through IX., shall appoint one member of their club 
as a member of a general committee representing the assenting 
clubs. ■ , . 
2. Each member of the general committee shall furnish the 
chairman of said committee on or before Dec. 1 of each year, a 
list of the registrations in his club. 
3. The general committee shall have an oversight of all registra- 
tions as prescribed in above sections; shall furnish each club a 
list of all registrations on or before Feb. 1 of each year; and shall 
distribute such printed instructions to guides and others as it 
mav deem expedient and desirable. 
4. ' The chairman of said general committee, until a successor 
is elected by said committee, shall be the one who is chairman of 
the Triton Club Guide Committee. The chairman shall be 
elected annually by the general committee. 
Section XI. No club member or guests shall employ any 
cuides on the club lands unless said guide is duly registered and 
can produce his certificate. 
INSTRUCTION AND INFORMATION FOR GUIDES. 
(On you depends the enjoyment of your employer. Make the 
woods disagreeable to him, keep the camp dirty, and he will 
not come back to you.) 
ynder an agreement made by the clubs noted below, no man 
shall be employed by said clubs as guide who has not registered 
his name in accordance with the sections of said agreement* 
Such registration may be readily made by application to the 
club's superintendent where employment may be desired, and a 
certificate of registration will be issued to the applicant if he is 
considered competent. The possession of such a certificate will, 
entitle the holder to employment in the lands controlled by said 
clubs, but no man can secure employment in these districts 
unless he has been duly registered. The matter of registration 
is very simple. If you have no certificate, you will apply to the 
club's superintendent when going into the woods, or by mail at 
any time, and a certificate will be given you unless there is some 
good reason for refusing it. Your name will then be entered on 
the books of the clubs and employment for you freely granted at 
any time when your services are required. You should keep 
your certificate with you in case an employer wishes to see it. 
By securing registration your name will be on the lists of all the 
clubs represented, and your opportunties for employment greatly 
increased. 
The object of such registration is to protect the interests of 
men who are competent workers as against a class of in- 
competent men. Also to have guides guaranteed a payment of 
$1.50 per day. A man who can handle a canoe, who has had 
experience with sportsmen in the woods, etc., can apply for a 
guide certificate. 
The duties of a guide are well understood by most sportsmen, 
but sadly neglected by many guides who claim wages to which 
they are not justly entitled. 
The rules and suggestions of the various clubs should be 
strictly followed, and the following suggestions may help those 
who desire to render good service to their employers: 
1. Cleanliness.— Endeavor to be clean. A thorough washing of 
face and hands each morning with soap, is absolutely necessary. 
The cook should never handle any food without some thought as 
to his clothing and hands, which should be well washed always. 
He should keep the food supplies in as neat a condition as pos- 
sible, and not waste any supplies. Wastefulness may result in a 
shortagle of food and necessitate an extra trip out for additional 
2. For refuse, dig a hole close to the camp and throw all such 
matter into it, keeping it covered each day with earth. Refuse 
scattered about promiscuously gathers flies in abundance, and 
your employer will not enjoy them. ■ ■ 
3. Never, under any circumstances, allow broken bottles to re- 
main about the camp. Broken glass in the brush is worse than a 
poisonous snake. If your employers break bottles in target shoot- 
ing, it is your duty to gather and bury the glass for your own 
protection, as well as for the protection of others. . 
4. Tin cans should be buried. A camping place covered with 
such stuff is not attractive to your employer. . . . 
5. After cleaning fish or dressing game, see that the bones, etc., 
are not left to rot, but sink them in the lake or bury them. 
G. Do not encourage your employers to take more fish or game 
than can be consumed in camp or shipped out. The supply of 
fish and game in these districts is what gives you employment. 
Without them your services would not be required. 
7 Never leave a camp-fire burning. Never build a fire wr^ere , 
its flame can communicate to grass or bush or overhanging trees. 
To put a fire out, pour an abundance of water on it and . d ° 
not leave a single spark to smoulder. One spark and a good wind 
may destroy thousands of acres of timber. Burn down the timber 
and you will find it hard to secure sportsmen to camp in a burnt 
district. Remember that your interests are at stake more than 
the sportsman's, for he can seek other lands; perhaps you cannot. 
8 Many a hunting trip has been spoiled by unnecessary noise 
in the camp. Keep quiet and avoid yelling, loud singing, etc. 
9 Remember that your employers, the sportsmen, usually reside 
in ' large cities, and that their visit to the woods involves ex- 
pense and is their one pleasure trip of the year. It is for your in- 
terest to make the camp as pleasant as possible by attending 
cheerfully to the various camp duties and the little requirements 
of the sportsmen, and it is also your duty to gain all information 
possible as to the best fishing and hunting spots and to know how 
to approach them. 
CERTIFICATE OF REGISTRATION AS GUIDE. 
This is to certify that.. , of _ has caused his 
name to be registered as guide by the committee representing the 
clubs noted below, having been accepted by them as competent 
to fulfill the duties and requirements of said position. This cer- 
tificate is issued under the agreement accepted by said clubs, and 
appearing on the reverse side, and under the conditions noted 
therein to which the guide, in accepting this certificate, fully 
agrees.' Signed . Acting authority for the .............. 
Club. 
The Minnesota Law Upheld. 
From the St. Paul (Minn.) Pioneer Press, July 30. 
The Minnesota game and fish law is held to be consti- 
tutional by the State Supreme Court in a decision handed 
down yesterday in the case of the State against Robert 
Poole and William Kerr, appellants, who were fined 
$20,000 by the Jackson county district court with alterna- 
tive jail sentences of 200 and 300 days respectively^ on a 
charge of having ducks in possession illegally with intent 
to sell. The order of the lower court is upheld with 
respect to Poole's sentence, but Kerr is granted a new 
trial, on the ground that the evidence was insufficient. 
The decision of the court is gratifying to Executive 
Agent S. F. Fullerton of the State Game and Fish Com- 
mission and to sportsmen generally, since the theory on 
which the game and fish law is based was involved. The 
contention of the defendants was that the fine, figured at 
$10 a bird, was excessive, and that the law providing that 
the possession of each bird is a separate offense is uncon- 
stitutional. 
The Supreme Court sustains the contention of the State 
that unless the penalty for violating the game laws of the 
State is commensurate with the number of birds killed or 
taken possession of illegally, the purpose of the law, 
which is to protect game from wholesale slaughter, is 
defeated 
"We are very much pleased over the decision of the 
court," said Mr. Fullerton yesterday, "for it establishes 
the constitutionality of the law. It is of great importance 
to game protection in Minnesota, and will be hailed with 
delight by those who wish to see our game and fish 
preserved." 
The men were charged with having 2,000 ducks m pos- 
session near Lakefield. Evidence showed that Robert 
Poole, who was alleged to be in the employ of Kerr, a 
commission merchant at Lakefield, packed the ducks in 
barrels, placed the barrels in wagons, and started for 
market. The ducks were seized across the Iowa line near 
Montgomery. The Supreme Court holds that the evi- 
dence tending to show that Kerr employed Poole to sell 
the ducks was unsatisfactory. 
The syllabus of the case reads: 
The defendants were convicted of the offense of having 
in their possession wild ducks with intent to sell them as 
defined and punished by section 45, chapter 336, Laws 
1903. Held : 
The statute is not unconstitutional for the alleged 
reason that it provides for the imposition of excessive 
fines and the infliction of cruel and unusual punishments. 
The court did not err by its refusal to instruct the jury 
to return a verdict of not guilty as to the defendant P., 
for_the evidence was sufficient to justify his conviction. 
It was otherwise as to the defendant K. _ > 
The court did not err in its rulings as to the admission 
of evidence nor in its instructions to the jury except as to 
the defendant K. .. . . 
Judgment affirmed as to one of the defendants, and re- 
versed and a new trial granted as to the other. 
Start, C. J. 
The Caliber of Spherical Balk. 
Providence, R. I., July ^.—Editor Forest and Stream: 
To make the information being gathered in relation 
to old-fashioned rifles in the "Squirrel Barking" con- 
flict more complete, won't some enlightened individual 
please give us a list by which we can know the proper 
caliber of those arms. We users of modern rifles know 
what .22 and .45 means, but how are we to tell whether 
a rifle of .22 caliber or .50 was used by the old-time ex- 
pression "32 to the pound," "52 to the pound." We 
understand, of course, that this expression means 32 
round balls to the pound; but what would be the 
caliber of a rifle using 32 or 52 round balls to the 
pound? Here is a chance for someone to do good 
with a correct list showing the comparison in calibers. 
A. C. H. 
Lin response to this request, we take pleasure in 
giving below a table of diameters of spherical lead balls, 
taken from the chapter on Gunnery in the Mechanic's 
and Engineer's Pocket Book, by Chas. H. Haswell : 
Diam 
Inch. 
1.67 
1.326 
1.157 
1.051 
.977 
.919 
.&73 
.835 
.802 
.775 
NUMBER OF BALLS IN A POUND, FROM I TO 350. 
Diam. 
Diam. 
Diam. 
No. 
Inch. No. 
Inch. 
No. Inch. 
No. 
Inch. 
No. Inch. 
1 
.75 
11 
.57 
25 
-388 
80 
.301 
170 
.259 
2 
.73 
12 
.537 
30 
375 
88 
.295 
ISO 
.256 
3 
.71 
13 
.51 
36 
.372 
90 
.29 
190 
.252 
4 
.693 
14 
.505 
36 
.359 
100 
.285 
200 
.249 
5 
.677 
15 
.488 
40 
.348 
110 
.281 
210 
.247 
6 
.662 
16 
.469 
45 
.338 
120 
.276 
220 
.244 
7 
.65 
17 
.453 
50 
.239 
130 
.272 
230 
.242 
8 
.637 
18 
.426 
60 • 
.321 
140 
.268 
240 
.239 
9 
.625 
n 
.405 
70 
.314 
150 
.265 
250 
.237 
10 
.615 
20 . 
.395 
75 
.307 
160 
.262 
260 
No. 
270 
280 
290 
300 
310 
320 
330 
340 
350 
From this it seems that balls running 350 to the 
pound weigh about 20 grains each. It must be remem- 
bered that these are spherical balls, while to-day prac- 
tically the only balls known to the rifle shooter are 
conical and must weigh at least twice — and sometimes 
much more than twice the weight of— the spherical ball 
of the same diameter.] 
From Currituck. 
Currituck, N. C, July 22.— Our first flight of yellow- 
legs arrived this season July 9, five days sooner than I 
ever saw them before. They are here now in great num- 
bers; I saw at least 5,000 or 6,000 in one fresh-water 
pond yesterday; placed decoys, and in just eleven minutes 
shot twenty birds, all I could use; took up my decoys 
and came home. It would be an easy matter to bag 
several hundred to one earn in a day's shooting. They 
seern unusually abundant this season. Our quail crop on 
our island is also larger than ever before. It has been 
very dry and the birds being able to get water from the 
Sound have had nothing to destroy them. Wood ducks 
have also raised large broods, and seem to have increased 
very rapidly during the past few years. They cannot be 
shot without violating the game laws, which is the reason. 
We had a storm the past spring which caused the salt 
water to run across the beach into Currituck Sound and 
Back Bay, which has given us the finest growth of wild 
celery and other duck foods we have had in many years; 
so we expect good duck shooting when the season opens. 
More Anon. 
Minnesota Game. 
St. Paul, Minn., July 25. — I am very glad to report 
that small game in Minnesota is going to be very plenti- 
ful the first of September, when our lawful season opens 
for all small game excepting ruffed grouse and quail. The 
severe weather we had last winter did not affect our quail 
at all, and there were more prairie chickens that wintered 
in Minnesota last winter than we have had for years be- 
fore. One of the causes for that was that last fall was so 
wet and the shooters could not get out after the chickens 
until it was too late, and they were strong enough to take 
care of themselves. A very gratifying thing to us here 
is the way the quail are working north in our State. You 
know it has been contended that a very severe winter 
would destroy all our quail, but last winter was one of the 
severest winters we have had in Minnesota, and our quail 
has come out in flying colors. Our ruffed grouse are on 
the increase, thanks to the Forest and Stream plank 
stopping the sale of all game. 
Samuel F. Fullerton, 
Executive Agent. 
Thoughtful. 
General "Joe''' Wheeler relates the following amus- 
ing incident that took place during the night of the El 
Caney affair : 
"Gen. Lawton's division was marching back to El Poso, 
there to take up a new position in the morning. The gen- 
eral, in company with Major Creighton Webb, inspector- 
general of his staff, was standing at the edge of the road 
watching his troops file past. Just as dawn was breaking 
the colored troops came in sight. They gave evidence of 
being dead tired, but were nevertheless full of 'ginger.' 
"Gen. Lawton's attention was attracted to a certain 
corporal of the Twenty-fifth Infantry, a great six-foot 
negro, who, in addition to a couple of guns and two car- 
tridge belts loaded full, was carrying a dog. The soldier 
to whom the other gun belonged was limping alongside 
his comrade. 
"The general halted the men. 'Here, corporal,' said he 
to the six-foot man, 'didn't you march all last night?' 
" 'Yes, sir,' responded the negro, saluting. 
" 'And fought all day ?' 
'"Yes, sir.' 
" 'You have, besides, been marching since ten o'clock 
last night?' 
" 'Yes, sir.' 
"'Then,' said Lawton, 'why on earth are you carrying 
that dog?' 
" Well, general,' replied the negro, showing his white 
teeth in a broad grin, 'the dog's tired !' "—From the 
Woman's Home Companion, 
