APPENDIX. 
545 
mouth was transferred to the Potomac, in consequence of being attacked 
with haemoptysis. 
The chmate of Lima is enervating and injurious to the constitution. 
The natives are small, delicate, and short-lived ; although the foreigni 
residents suffer less from acute diseases than in the Indies, yet they axe 
insidiously worn down by the climate, notwithstanding the most exem- 
plary temperance and regularity in living. 
The streets of Luna are kept clean, and many of them have streams of 
water running through them. The remarkable property of the atmosphere 
producing dry putrefaction, and preventing all noxious efHuvia, is, perhaps, 
one cause of the absence of malignant diseases. Dead animals are suf- 
fered to remain in the roads ; and the Pantheon, where all the dead of the' 
city are interred, is open to the air ; yet in no instance is there the least 
noxiovis effluvia. 
28th February, 1833, sailed for Valparaiso, where we. arrived in sixteen 
days, having a cold, wet, and boisterous passage ; the thermometer ranged 
at 74°, and the proportion on the sick-list during the passage was twenty- 
three. The officer, Mr. S. E. Penniman, with haemoptysis, from the Fal- 
mouth, had a return of the hemorrhage, which assumed a periodical form, 
returning every evening during our passage, and died nine days after ouJ 
arrival at Valparaiso, from pneumonia, in the 25th year of his age. He 
was a gentleman of talent, and promised much future usefulness, and fell 
a victim to the climate of Peru. 
The Potomac remained sixty-seven days in Valparaiso, during the 
months of March, April, and May (the autumn in Chili). The thermom- 
eter was not so high as,, during our previous visit, and there were occa- 
sional rains, which accompanied a north wind, which is much dreaded in 
this port, as the harbour is then unsafe. They were in every instance 
announced by the barometer, and only occur in the fall and winter. The 
average on the sick-list during our stay was twenty-one, and the list was 
kept thus large by the excesses of the crew on shore, and slight injuries ; 
the number ill whose indisposition could not fairly be traced to dissipa- 
tion on shore did not exceed eight, which were cases of rheumatism,- 
pleurisies, and enlarged glands. Several cases of chronic diarrhoea, that 
occurred at Lima were speedily relieved on our arrival in Chili. The 
ship's company were supplied with fresh provisions four times a week 
during the period we remained on the coast of South America. 
On the 25tli of April a case of smallpox occurred in one of the servants-, 
who contracted the disease on shore ; he was immediately transferred to 
a temporary hospital on shore, hoping by that means to prevent the propa- 
gation of the disease throughout the ship. A few days after, another case 
presented itself in one of the boats' crews, vvho was daily on shore, and 
was also sent to the hospital without delay. The first case proved to be a 
severe case of confluent smallpox, a;nd the second lost the use of the right 
eye by opacity of the coxnea. 
On the 1st of May a severe norther set in, during which the thermometer 
fell to 45°, and the sick-list increased ; all of the invalids were labouring 
under inflammatory affections ; during our stay in port there were four- 
teen reported with scrofula, sixteen rheumatism, twenty-two hepatitis 
(inflammation of the Uver), and, thirteen syphilis (venereal). Four weeks 
M m 
