^42 
FOREST AND STiTiiAM. 
[March 25, 1905. 
locker with another swinging pine berth above extending 
athwartships. The engine room is entered from the after 
deck through a companionway with sliding hatch ; on the 
port side at the foot of the sters is the crew's lavatory, 
with basin and water-closet. The companion ladder is 
arranged to hinge, for access to the locker under the 
after deck, which is used for stores and outfit. 
Under the after deck next to the galley and engine 
room, and under the provision locker, are fresh water 
tanks, with a capacity -of 250 gallons; these tanks are 
used for cooking and drinking. Forward under the 
pilot house floor is a water tank of 150 gallons capacity 
for lavatory purposes. 
Aft of the water tanks under the after deck is the 
lazarette, with i8in. bronze manhole for access. Under the 
forward deck, next to the owner's room, is located the 
gasolene tank of 500 gallons capacity, and forward of 
that the fore peak with chain locker, with space for rope, 
anchors, etc. There is a railing 27in. high^ made of gal- 
vanized pipe and fittings, to go around raised deck and 
after deck. Two boats, one 14ft. gig and one loft. dinghy, 
are carried on davits and to house inboard on chocks 
on the raised deck. There is a signal mast with yard 
arranged so that it can be lowered if necessary in passing 
under a bridge or other obstruction. There are two 
hinged skylights with glass lights, one over the main 
saloon and one over the engine room. 
The boat is propelled by one 55 horsepower four cylin- 
der four-stroke Lozier engine, which will drive the boat 
at an estimated maximum speed of 11% miles. The gaso- 
lene tank has a capacity of 500 gallons, which provides 
fuel enough for a cruising radius of about 1,000 miles at 
a speedrof S miles per hour. 
The dimensions are as follows: 
Length — 
gin'. 
60ft. 
Overhang — 
2ft. 
Sin. 
3ft. 
I in. 
Erea4tli— 
6in. 
12ft. 
6in. 
Draft- 
4ft. 
2ft. 
6in. 
Freeboard — - 
5ft. 
3in. 
Aft 
3ft. 
7in. 
3ft. 
3in. 
Specifications, 
"■Constr'jction.— Keel, white oak, 6iii. x Sin. Stem, stern and dead- 
woods, of white oak. Keelsons, yellow pine Sin. x 6in. Bilge and 
•side stringers, yellow pine, Sin. x Sin. Clamps, yellow pine, 2in. x 
iSiil. Shelf, yellow pine, 2in. x 4in. Frames, white oak, steam bent, 
sided 2in. and moulded 2in. at head and 2%in. at heel; spaced 
12in. from center to center. Floor timbei's, sided 2in. and 
moulded 2%in. Planking to be long-leaf yellow pine in long 
lengths and finished l?4in. thick. Deck beams to be white oak, 
steam bent, l%in. x Sin. Raised deck to be planked with white 
pine or cedar, "li^in. thick, and covered with canvas. The floor 
and after deck to be covered with white pine l%in. x l%in., and 
seams to be caulked and puttied. There are to be three water- 
tight bulkheads; one aft of fresh-water tank, one between owner's 
room and gasolene tank, and third forward of gasolene tank; 
bulkheads to be built of two thicknesses of cedar laid diagonally, 
v.'ith canvas between. 
Joiner and Interial Work.— Side of house from guard up to 
tt-aised deck, and round at front to be of mahogany. Skylights to 
Ibe of mahogany; also outside of pilot house. Inside of pilot 
ihouse and the rest of the joiner work in owner's quarters to be 
finished in butternut, tongue and grooved and beaded, except in 
main saloon, which is to be paneled. All doors, lockers and fur- 
niture to be paneled. Ceiling in owner's room, and main saloon 
to be paneled and finished in white enamel. 
Galley, pantry and crew's quarters to be finished in. yellow pine 
and painted. Ice box to be built of compressed cork between 
two thicknesses of wood and paper. Bath room to have four-foot 
roll trim, enameled tub, porcelam basin, pump water closet and 
necessary pumps and fittings, and beveled plate glass mirror. Port 
lights to be of composition, hinged and lOin. in diameter clear. 
All hardware, locks, knobs, skylights lights, etc., to be of bronze. 
Deck Fittings and Outfit.— Steering standard to be of bronze, 
■with brass binnacle for four-inch liquid compass. Wheel to be 
of mahogany. There are also the following: 
Galvanized iron crank capstain, side and riding lights, two pairs 
of galvanized boat davits, anchor davit, one 1501b. and one 751b. 
folding anchor, two 50-fathom. 3-in cables and necessary mooring 
lines, bronze horn, chock with flag staff socket, all necessary 
cleats and chocks of bronze, two 6in. copper ventilators, for en- 
gine room, with deck plates, two 18in. diameter manhole plates 
ioT the fore and after holds, landing laddei" of mahogany, 4 life 
■.rings and reqviired life belts. There is to be one 14ft. gig and 
one 10ft. dinghy, clinker built, of cedar, and mahogany trimmed. 
Rail to be of galvanized pipe and fittings, 27in. high awning 
stanchions, to be supplied for raised and after deck. 
Machinery to consist of one 55 h.p. four-cylinder, four-cycle 
Lozier engine, with bronze shafting, propeller stuffing boxes, 
power whistle. Gasolene tank to be of copper, 500 gallons capacity. 
Engine indicator, telegraph bells and speaking tubes to be con- 
nected with pilot house and steering platform on deck. 
Rudder to be of bronze plate. Stock and rudder stock to be 
of bronze. Tiller ropes to be of flexible wire and lead to steering 
wlieel on deck and pilot house, and arranged with a disengaging 
gear, so that boat may be steered from either place. 
Exterior of hull to be painted with white lead above water- 
line and anti-fouling copper paint below load -svaterline, carved 
scroll on bow and stern. All bright work on deck and interior 
joiner work to be rubbed down, shellacked and varnished. 
SUMMARY OF WEIGilTS. 
Tons. 
Hull 8.9 
Joiner .4 
Deck fittmgs, boats, davits, anchors, ropes, railing, steering 
gear, port lights, etc 1-1 
Fresh water tanks and plumbing l.V 
Engine, shafting, propeller and bearings 1.5 
(iasolene and tank 
Allowance for ice, provisions and interior outfit 3. 
Total 21.7 
■ Police to Patrol Yacht Anchor.ages. — As the result 
of petitions from the Knickerbocker and New York Y. 
"C.'s, which have anchorages in the Sound off College 
Point and Whitestone, Commissioner McAdoo stated he 
had decided to add a platoon of harbor police to the 
College Point station. There will be half a dozen men 
and a launch. The yachtsmen urged this action because 
during the summer months when the yachts are at these 
anchorages the depredations of river pirates are numerous. 
Vr. 
Launch for D. S. Loughlin. — The Greenport Basin 
and Constriiction Company, of Greenport, L. I., has 
nearly completed a launch for Mr. Daniel S. Loughlin, 
who has a summer home at Southampton, L. I. The boat 
is 40ft, long, lift, breadth, ajid of shallow draft. 
Marine Gasolene Engines. 
BY A. E. POTTER. 
{Continued from page 219.) 
A Two-STROKE engine has of necessity to use compres- 
sion on its charge of gas in order to drive the burned 
gases from out the cylinder. The usual method has been 
to use the crank case for this compression, which could 
rightly be called the primary, compression. Designers and 
inventors for manj'' years have tried^ to find some other 
method, cheap in construction, effective, and of practical 
use. Among some of the devices which have given more 
or less fairly good results, there has beeii the engine 
with the differential piston, the cylinder having different 
bores and the compression taking place between the lower 
part of the smaller bore of the cylinder and the larger 
diameter of the piston. As there are no engines of this 
type at present extant or in the market, it is a mute testi- 
monial of failures in this line.. 
Better results and more success has been attained by 
using the lower end of the cylinder for this primary 
compression, inclosing it with a head, using piston rod, 
slides, pitman, stuffing box, cross-head, etc.,' as in the 
usual double acting steam engine. 
This necessitates among other things a very long cyHn- 
der, a long piston, extreme height, multiplicity of parts, 
lower piston speed available, on account of excessive 
weight of moving parts, and the construction is hardly 
what might b'e Called popular. While an engine with 6in. 
stroke of the four-stroke type can be run easily in- the 
heaviest commercial type at 375 to 400 revolutions per 
minute, this cross-head construction would never _ allow 
of such piston speed, for it would tear the engine to 
pieces in a short time, 
■ There is another construction that, so far as I know, 
has never been attempted in marine work. This, is using 
an auxiliary pumping" cylinder on another- &'fMk pifij 
similar to that employed in the and, 2j§8@ hobe- 
power units of the Korting engilie;, riot d'otible acting 
like the Korting, but Sihgl'e aCtihg with trunked pistons. 
The two pistoSS and connecting rods would balance each 
other if the cranks were set at 180 degrees, and the power 
would be exerted at each revolution in the upper or euter 
end of but one cylinder. There would be tia ftlbfe vibra- 
tion than in the usual countef-Wdghted two-stroke single 
cylinder engin©, btit th'e extra weight, cost of machining, 
double thj6\v crank, shaft, etc., would make it pro- 
hibitive. But again,, the eminently satisfactory large size 
Korting engine does not have its cranks set at 180 de- 
grees. The crank that operates the two pump-S, Otie f&f 
air and the other for gas, is set approximately 135 de-' 
grees ahead or 215 degrees after the pbwer craiik. The 
reason for this is that the Combined Charge of air and 
gas is not at its highest iDressure until j ust. befof e tile 
exhaust port closes. But for this there Would be a great 
deal of loss of gas in sea-vehgiiig the cylinder by means 
of fresh gas, and tCstS of this engine for economy show 
conclusively that there is but slight loss in efficiency, 
comparing very favorably with the best designed engines 
of the four-stroke type. 
.It is the loss or low efficiency which confronts the two- 
stroke marine engine designer, unnoticed in engines of 
low power, but of vital importance in engines of eyeti 
20 horse^power. In the ordinary crank CaSe Compressing 
engine, the compression rarely exceeds five potmds, while 
the Korting- is said to Utilize nine pounds, and a marine 
type of two-Stroke engine how manufa,ctufed, using thi? 
lower end of the cylinder for Coiiipressiotij claimSi to use 
seven pounds. 
It is a 'question with ni& whether or not an engine can- 
not be constructed that will be able to utilize a com- 
pression of at least two atmospheres, or 14.7 pounds 
gauge. A careful location of the ports would be neces- 
sary, and possibly a positively operated inlet valve or 
series of valves, but I consider that the possibilities of 
the two-stroke engine are hardly more than dreamed of. 
I dO' not believe that the two-stroke engine will supersede 
the four-stroke for high speed touring automobiles, but 
I confidently believe that within the next two or three 
years there will be sufficient improvements in two-stroke 
engines to adapt them to use for commercial vehicles 
used for transportation, and thjlt for marine work, par- 
ticularly in larger sizes, that have heretofore given the 
most trouble, the two-stroke engine will be the ranking 
construction. . - 
Two cylinders instead of four to get a perfectly 
balanced engine, is certainly attractive. AbSenCe of 
valves would be hailed with delight were it possible to 
dispense with them; only two spark plugs to look out for 
instead of four, no camshafts, no gears, etc. Is it any 
wonder that the little two-stroke launch engine has be- 
come so popular? 
Having now treated quite generally, although not com- 
pletely, of the various parts of the two-stroke engine, 
where its particular construction is at variance with four- 
stroke design, I shall endeavor to treat of those parts and 
characteristics which are applicable to both types, and 
later take up subjects in which the four-stroke engine is 
alone involved. 
One especially important tiling in gasolene engine con- 
stru.ction, no matter wliether the engine is single cylinder, 
two or four-stroke, or two cylinder four-stroke, is bal- 
ancing of the cranks by counterweighting there or else- 
where. 
It is recognized as a mechanical impossibility to per- 
fectly balance a single throw crank, piston, connecting 
rod, etc., but a comparatively' easy matter to- balance a 
two-stroke engine of more than one cylinder or a four-' 
stroke engine of more than . two cylinders. If a four- 
stroke engine is built in two cylinders, and the cranks 
are set at 180 degrees, it would be an easy matter if an 
explosion would take place in each cylinder at every 
alternate revolution. But a four-stroke engine witli 
cranks set at 180 degrees and the cyluider lying parallel 
and in the same plane, cannot get an explosion at each 
revolution, but does get, if running properly, two explo- 
sions at every alternate revolution, with one complete 
revolution during which there is no power exerted.' On 
the other hand, if - both cranks are the same way, it will 
be necessary to get the engine in anything like perfect 
balance by adding counterweights, either on the crank 
shaft or fij^vheel. On the oth^r hand, with three cylin- 
ders, the first being set 120 degrees ahead of the second 
and the second 120 degrees ahead of the third, the valves 
and igniters would have to be set so that the explosions 
would take place in the following rr+ation: First, third, 
second, for if they were to take place first, second, third, 
there would be one complete revolution with no power. 
In setting the cranks of a four cylinder two-stroke en- 
gine, they should each be set at 90 degrees, while if the 
engine is a four-stroke, two of the Cranks should be set 
at 180 degrees from the others, or the engiiie wotild be 
out of balance. 
While on the stibject of balancing, there has recently 
come under my observation a case that may be used to 
advantage in this Connection. A certain propeller has 
been designed and the three blades are all of diffefCrit 
length. This is a peculiar construction, to say the least, 
and just what the designer's object was I cannot under- 
stand. Another case in point was a two cylinder two- 
stroke engine, where cranks were set at 180 degrees with 
a counterweight on each crank. Occasionally is met an 
authority who says never by any chance would he allow 
an engine to be balanced by counterweights in the fly- 
wheel. 
At the New York Motorboat Show there was one par- 
ticular engine which the designer claimed had no< vibra- 
tion, nor was^ it counterweighted, yet was of single Cyliil- 
'der construction. Mysteriously he told me it was a tifick 
they had learned and did not care to have it explahled 
or generally known, how it was aCcompiished. 
[to S£ COiSrtlNUED.] 
Automobile and Power Boat Show 
MechaniCB* Hall* Boston, Mareh il to i&> 
The Bostoli slloW closed laSt Saturday night) after 
a irioSt prosperous rtih. Management, exhibitors aiid visi- 
tors as well ail expressed themselves thoiroughly plfeased. 
In the matter of attendance alone, which aggregated 
nearly 200,000, although open but six days and severl 
evenings, it was beyond the most sanguine eX;peCtatioh§. 
As pro.m.ised laSt tV-eek, we give a list of the exhibitors 
and exhibits, reported by one of our staff. 
Fairbanks-Grant Mfg. Co., Ithaca, N. Y. — Same goods 
exhibited as in New York. 
'Victor Metals Company, East Braintree, Mass. — Had 
virtually the same exhibit as shown at New York, with 
few slight additistt§-. 
G." A; Baehnilii 'Motof Conigany, fialtlntofe, Md.— Two 
double opposed 8 horSe-power Cngiiies, the ntarine type 
by nleans of gearing reduced the speed of the propeller 
shaft to otie-half that of , the erank Shaft. 
Glift|)h Motor WotkSj Cindinhatl, Ohio.— The sanie liiie 
of engines as exhibited at New York, and in addition a 
45 to 60 horse-power three cylinder, heavy, slow speed 
engine, and a new four cylinder 16-20 horsepower of 1905 
model. 
Carlisle & Finch Company. Cincinnati, Ohio. — Nine- 
inch lens yacht arc search light, U. S. N. type, 2,000 
candle-power. A general line of magnetos, coils and 
ignition goods.. 
Fairbanks-Smalley, New, York-Bay City, Mich.— Satne 
engines as shown in NeW Yotk; 
Lackawanna ValveleSs Mot.of Gorripahy, Buffalo^j N; Y: 
— The same engines as ekhibited at New York, with two 
or three different slreS. 
Palmer Bros., Coscob, Conn. — Showed fifteen engines 
all told, their new three-ported engines, also the original 
first engine built by them; ten years ago, which attracted 
much attention. 
J. V. Rice. Jr., & Co., Bordentown, N. J. — The same 
engines as exhibited at New York. Mr. Chester I. Camp- 
bell, of 5 Park Square, Bo'Ston, has talcen the agency 
for these eilgine§. 
^ Chas. A, Carlson; 62(5 Bei'geii street, Brooklyn, N. Y.— 
Ihe double opposed four cylinder engine described in 
these columns as exhibited at the New 'York Show. 
Hubbard Motor Company, Middleton, Conn. — Practi- 
cally the same exhibit as at New York, and two launches, 
one 22ft. long with 3^/2 horsepower engine, for which a 
speed of 11 miles is claimed; also a i6ft. dory model 
nicely finished with mahogany decks, 
Arthur Binney, 70 Kilby street, Boston; MasS. — A sik 
cylinder too horsepower Standard engine built by the 
Standard Motor Construction Cornpany, Jersey City. 
Mr. Binney designed the 64ft. power speed launch Hupa 
for Mr. C. H. Clark, Jr., Philadelphia, exhibited by 
Lawley. 
Swase,y, Raymond & Page, Boston, MasS.— ShoWed the 
Gay Cup presented by Rear-Cofflnlodofe W. O. Gay, 
Eastern Y. C for powef boat races i tliey also sho^wed 
blue pritits of several well-known vessels built and how 
in process of Completion. 
Murray & Tregurtha Company, South Boston, Mass.— 
Several engines of 1904 and I905 models made a very 
showy booth ; they had the only cabin boats exhibited. 
One was 42ft. long, beautifully finished with mahogany, 
truly an able boat ; power was a three Cylinder 2O horse- 
power engine of their igog design^ A 25ft. hunting Cabhl 
latmch was also shown with an extreniely large cock-pit 
and 4 horsepower 1905 engine. 
-.D- -M-. Tuttle Company, Canastota, N. Y.— Several en- 
gines in single and double cylinders; two semi-torpedo 
stern lauriches, one [8ft. and the other . 2sft. long. They 
also showed . a one-fourth size model of their 20ft. Stand- 
ard launch, including engine. 
Thomas Stone Boat Building Company, Swampscott, 
Mass. — Two i8ft. dories equipped with Sagamore en- 
gines. The exhaust was led through the deck, covered 
with a brass hinge cap when engine is not in use. 
W. J. Young Machine Company, Lynn, Mass.— Showed 
five Essex engines of unusually good design, and while 
not of extremely high speed, could hardly be called slow 
speed engines. 
Belcher Motor Company, Fall River, Mass. Two 
medium speed single cylinder and one double cylinder 
high speed engine of remarkably good appearance. 
Baker Yacht Basin Company, Quincy Point, Mass. 
Models of 3'achts and other vessels which they have built 
or are under process of construction, or designed on 
orders. 
Lawrence Machine Company, Lawrence, Mass, Ex]r, 
