CH. XIV] 
Early Spitsbergen Voyages 
119 
Hopewell's track by it. After encountering some severe 
weather, she seems to have passed down the strait between 
the foreland and the mainland of Spitsbergen, doubled 
the southern point, and then shaped a northerly course 
until the 80th parallel was reached. On the 12th July, 
William Collins the mate saw the land, called Newland 
by the Hollanders, bearing S.S.W. 12 leagues distant, 
but Hudson continued to stand to the north. He 
found that a green-coloured sea was most free from ice 
and that an azure blue sea was an icy sea. At noon 
on the 14th the land was approached where there was 
a bay with very high and rugged mountains at the head 
of it, and high land at the entrance, with an island 
which received the name of Cape Collins after the mate. 
The bay was named Whale Bay. Here Colman and 
Collins with two other men landed, reporting many foot- 
prints of animals, deer-antlers, and much drift-wood. 
A cape to the north-west of Cape Collins received the 
name of Hakluyt's Headland. Hudson again stood along 
the edge of the ice which closed in upon the land to the 
eastward. Eventually he came to the conclusion that 
there was no passage to the north on those meridians, 
and he resolved to steer southward. He thus discovered 
the whole western coast of Spitsbergen. He examined 
the inlet afterwards named Bell Sound, rounded the most 
southern point of the land, and traced the coast for some 
distance to the east of it. 
This western coast of Spitsbergen, first made known 
by Henry Hudson, is well described by Scoresby. He 
tells us how its cliffs rise by steep acclivities from the 
very margin of the ocean to a stupendous height, the 
masses of purest snow contrasting with the protruding 
dark-coloured rocks. The valleys, opening towards the 
coast, terminate inland with a transverse line of ice-field 
showing an unbroken surface for many leagues in extent. 
On the southern part of the coast there are isolated 
mountains with conical or ridged summits, occasionally 
terminating in sharp peaks. Further north the moun- 
tains are more disposed in chains than in the south, 
with an inferior range running parallel with the shore, 
whence ridges project into the sea, and terminate in 
mural precipices. 
