ch. xxxv] The Greely Expedition 317 
represented by Dr Ekholm at Ice Fjord in Spitsbergen, 
and the Norwegians observed at the Alten Fjord. The 
Dutch intended to establish a station at Port Dickson in 
Siberia, but unfortunately the vessel conveying the ob- 
server and his instruments was wrecked. The synchronous 
observations were commenced at these stations in the 
summer of 1882, and continued for a year, in accordance 
with the previously arranged plan. 
One of these expeditions, the only one which concerns 
our subject, combined geographical discovery with the 
main object — that sent up Smith Sound by the United 
States. It was composed entirely of officers and men of 
the army, under the command of Lieutenant Greely of 
the Signal Corps. Under him the officers were Lieu- 
tenants Kislingbury and Lockwood, and Dr Pavy as 
surgeon and naturalist. There were five sergeants be- 
longing to the signal corps, three of infantry, and two 
of cavalry, altogether ten sergeants, one corporal, nine 
privates, and two Eskimo hunters. The steamer Proteus 
was hired to land the party at Lady Franklin Bay, 
the Discovery's winter quarters. This was effected on 
August 1 8th, 1 88 1, and as soon as the stores and provi- 
sions were landed and the house erected, the Proteus 
departed. 
It was arranged that the Proteus should return to 
bring the observers home in the summer of 1882, but 
no other precaution was taken. It was quite possible 
that a vessel might find it impracticable to reach Lady 
Franklin Bay owing to ice conditions, or that she might 
founder, as actually happened. The commander of the 
expedition ought to have insisted upon a depot being 
landed at Cape Sabine, or some other point in Smith 
Sound, complete in all respects for 24 men for nine 
months ; such a depot as Captain Kellett left at Melville 
Island. The neglect of this precaution was disastrous. 
The house at Lady Franklin Bay, which was named 
Conger, was comfortable, and the various observations, 
meteorological, magnetic, pendulum, and tidal were com- 
menced. But unfortunately the personnel of the expedi- 
tion did not form a very united family. There was 
resistance to the Commander's instructions for winter 
routine. Lieutenant Kislingbury resigned his appoint- 
