320 Arctic and Antarctic Exploration [parti 
the expedition reached Cape Sabine and built a hut with 
the boat for a roof. Greely was obliged, on November ist, 
to reduce the daily rations to the smallest amount 
that would support life — meat 4 oz. and biscuit 6 oz., 
altogether a total of only 14! oz. There were some 
instances of theft of rum and provisions, but not many. 
In January Sergeant Cross died. Though some of the 
party were indefatigable in searching for game they were 
not fortunate, the bag consisting only of one small 
seal, one bear, twenty-four foxes, fourteen ptarmigan 
and sixty dovekies. The last issue of rations was on 
May 24th, after which the deaths from starvation began, 
though during May Sergeant Brainard had managed to 
get 475 lb. of shrimps and 81 lb. of sea-weed. That 
gallant and loyal soldier, James Lockwood, died on the 
9th April, Dr Pavy on the 16th, and Kislingbury on the 
ist June. Greely was left without an officer. All the 
non-commissioned officers, except Brainard, fell victims 
of starvation, as well as six of the privates and the two 
Eskimos. Private Henry had been detected stealing 
bacon, and afterwards strips of leather. He was stronger 
than any of the others, and they became frightened of 
him, so Lieutenant Greely ordered him to be shot. This 
was done on June 6th, X8&4. The six survivors, Greely, 
Brainard, Connell, Long, Fredericks, and Biederlich, were 
reduced to the very last extremity when on June 22nd a 
relief vessel arrived, commanded by Captain Sedley, and 
saved them. 
Greely was in a most difficult position during the 
expedition owing to the insubordination of two out of 
three of his officers, which set a bad example to the men. 
There were possibly faults on both sides, and Greety may 
have been injudicious, but he conducted an exceptionally 
arduous and difficult service with ability and consideration 
for others, and to the very last did not fail in his duty to 
those dependent upon him. 
Lieutenant (now General) Greely succeeded in bringing 
back the most valuable part of his work. It is published 
in two large quarto volumes which are admirably edited 
(Washington, 1888). The. work opens with Greely's lucid 
and thoroughly honest report, and contains the reports 
and diaries of all the sledge travellers, and the meteoro- 
