348 Arctic and Antarctic Exploration [parti 
ice extending from shore to shore. Captain Inglefield 
had the same experience in 1852. Sverdrup was more 
fortunate, and on September 3rd found winter quarters 
on the northern shore, at a place which was named 
Havnfjord. 
The autumn travelling during October was devoted 
to laying out depots. Sverdrup had two-man tents, 
double-lined, 6 ft. by 5 ft. and 5 ft. high in the middle, 
the lower part of the sides being vertical for a foot. 
There was just room for two men and the cooking 
apparatus. They had a capital smith and metal-worker 
on board, named Olsen, who made odometers for the 
sledges. The diet for travelling was unusually varied. 
Besides pemmican, biscuit, cocoa, and sugar, which are 
necessaries, there were coffee, butter, pea-soup, vegetables, 
dried fruit, egg powder, groats, potatoes, meat fat, 
golden syrup, and fish flour. 
The main depot was at a place which was named 
Bjornberg. The spring travelling parties, with 55 dogs 
in splendid condition, started in March, limited parties 
accompanying them to Bjornberg and beyond. There 
were three extended parties, Sverdrup and Fosheim; 
Isachsen and Hassel ; and the geologist Schei and 
Hendricksen, who had been in the Fram with Nansen. 
Very interesting discoveries were made. The west coast 
of Ellesmere Island was found to be indented with deep 
winding fjords, afterwards explored by the scientific 
staff. The great island named after Consul Axel Heiberg 
was discovered, and as islands were seen to the westward, 
the two extended parties separated, Sverdrup going 
north and Isachsen west. Axel Heiberg Island consists 
of high precipitous cliffs, and there were pressed-up 
hummocks off the coast of extraordinary height. The 
two islands discovered by Isachsen and named after 
the brothers Ringnes were of low altitude. The extended 
parties made very fine journeys, resulting in important 
discoveries. Sverdrup was 76 days away, Isachsen 
92 days, and the scientific party 78 days. 
When the Fram got out of her winter quarters 
Sverdrup proceeded westward up Jones Sound. Its 
western end is blocked by land with two narrow channels 
leading to the Polar Sea. Some of the names are those 
