CH. LII] 
Ross's Third Voyage 
423 
On January 6th, 1843, Captains Ross and Crozier landed 
on this volcanic islet, and Dr Hooker, who was with 
them, found that the flora consisted of nineteen species, 
all mosses, lichens, and algae. Two out of the five mosses 
were new. Cockburn Island is in 64 0 12' S. and 59 0 49' W. 
The inlet between James Ross Island and Seymour and 
Snow Hill Islands — afterwards found to be a channel — 
was named after the Admiralty ; and what was thought 
to be a promontory and called after Admiral Sir George 
Seymour, has since been found to be an island (Seymour 
Island) , rendered famous in after years for its yield of fossils . 
From Seymour Island a course was shaped to the 
S.S.W. on January 7th, passing along Snow Hill Island. 
Upon the southern point of James Ross Island the name 
of Captain Foster of the Chanticleer, Ross's lamented old 
Arctic messmate, was conferred. 
On the 8th there was a dense fog, and icebergs with 
much loose ice surrounded the ships, which were secured 
to the land ice until the 12th, when Sir James resolved 
to endeavour to trace this land ice to the S.E. But the 
ships were quite enclosed, and it was accordingly deter- 
mined to force them through the pack, a long and 
arduous as well as a hazardous struggle, for they were 
sustaining severe pressure. On the 4th February how- 
ever, in latitude 64 0 S., the vessels were clear of the 
ice with which they had been battling for nearly six 
weeks. The hope was that on reaching the meridian of 
40 0 , where Weddell had penetrated so far to the southward, 
Ross and Crozier would also find the sea so clear as to' 
admit of their reaching a high southern latitude. 
On the 14th February Weddell's track was crossed in 
65 0 13' S., but there was a dense pack. Dumont d'Urville 
found the same conditions and not so far south. In the 
following days there were snow-falls, and a heavy sea, 
yet on March 1st the Erebus and Terror once more crossed 
the Circle and entered the Antarctic regions, accompanied 
by several whales, a sooty albatross, blue and white petrels, 
and Cape pigeons. On the 4th they passed the highest 
latitude attained by Bellingshausen and crossed the 70th 
parallel. Next day they were in 71 0 10' S. and ran into 
the pack for thirty miles, but the young ice was so strong 
and the season so late that it became necessary to work 
