506 Arctic and Antarctic Exploration [part ii 
survey was made from Granite Harbour to Koettlitz 
Glacier, and the peaks were measured. To crown all, 
Captain Scott and Dr Wilson made a large collection of 
the fossil flora which established the geological period of 
the rock formation. These fossils weighed 35 lb., but 
though worn out, and with strength failing fast, the 
gallant explorers would not leave them, but dragged these 
records, until they died. There is no more glorious and 
more touching event in the whole range of polar history. 
Captain Scott observed that the Victorian mountains 
turned in the direction of Graham Land, and this con- 
clusion now has to be proved. A branch seems to run 
down to the coast and to terminate in the heights of 
King Edward VII Land, thus enclosing the vast bay 
filled with Mr Ferrar's "Ross piedmont/' It would not 
be surprising to find a minor range branching off to 
Enderby Land, which Biscoe described as mountainous. 
The land and islands with an eastern aspect on the 
other side of Antarctica were partty explored by Captain 
Larsen, who made an important voyage down the east 
coast of Graham Land, and the fossil remains have been 
collected and described by Nordenskiold and Gunnar 
Andersson. Next to Captain Scott's great discoveries, the 
work of the Swedes has thrown most light on the former 
history of Antarctica. 
There is something very fascinating in considering 
the analogy between the Ross and Weddell Seas and their 
shores on opposite sides of Antarctica. The Victorian 
Mountains on one side match the Graham Land mountains 
on the other. The interest is increased by the probability 
that the}^ form one chain, and by the discovery that 
there are volcanic rocks peculiar to the Andes which have 
been found in Graham Land. Then there are the enor- 
mous icebergs in both seas pointing to the need for the 
further study of the wonderful ice-cap which conceals so 
much of Antarctica from our knowledge. 
The Antarctic ice-cap was discovered and explored by 
Captain Scott, who penetrated into its solitudes for two 
hundred miles from the mountain range. Dr Mawson 
has also examined it from another direction. There is 
little or no interest in travelling over its monotonous 
surface, but numerous borings would reveal its depth and 
