532 
Index 
Pack ice, S; Antarctic, 12 
Pagoda, 425 
Palander, Lieut. Louis, 287, 323 
Pancake ice, 7 
Pandora, 311 et seq., 327, 359; name 
changed to Jeannette, 328 
Papaver alpinum, 96 
■ — ■ nudicaule, 295 
Parr, Lieut., 304 
Parry, Sir Edward, 201, 205, 206; 
discoveries by, 207; winters in 
Melville Island, 208 et seq.; his 
second voyage, 212; winters on 
Melville Peninsula, 214; winters 
at Igloolik, 214; results of his 
second voyage, 215; winters in 
Port Bowen, 217; marries, 218; 
his fourth voyage, 218; his later 
work and death, 220 
Parry Archipelago, 347 et seq,, 362; 
currents of, 5 
Patience, 113, 114, 116 
Paulet Island, 437 
Payer, Julius, 288, 289, 316; visits 
Greenland, 282 
Peary, Robert, his explorations in 
Greenland, 333; his second expe- 
dition to Greenland, 337 ; his 
third expedition to Greenland, 
338; attempts to reach the Pole, 
352 et seq,; further attempt on 
Pole, 355; his sledge journey, 356; 
his observations, 357; Greenland 
journeys, 368, 369; his record 
found, 380 
Pemmican, 256, 450, 461, 469, 479, 
483 
Pendulum Island, 280, 282 
Pendulum observations, Antarctic, 
400 
Penguins, Emperor, 472, 476, 496, 
497; fossil, 438 
Pennell, Lieut., 490, 493, 494 
Penny, Capt., 251 et seq, 
Pepys, Samuel, approves Wood's 
voyage, 156 
Pet, Arthur, 63; commands Arctic 
voyage, 65 ; discovers Waigatz, 66 
Pet Strait, 72, 323 
Petchora River, 14 
Peter Island, 397, 442 
Petermann Island, 442 
Petersen, Carl, 258, 273 
— Johan, 365, 366 
Philip and Mary, 62 
Philomel, 420 
Phipps, Hon. Constantine, 1 73 ; 
narrative of his voyage, 174; 
death of, 174 
Phoenix, 255, 268 
Physical characteristics of Arctic 
Highlanders, 24; of Eskimos, 19; 
of Greenland Eskimos, 22 
— features of Iceland, 36 
Pickersgill, Lieut., 171, 394 
Pike, Arnold, 344 
Pillars, basaltic, 324 
Pioneer, 251, 253, 254, 26r, 264 et 
seq., 347 
Place-names given by John Davis, 
103; by Frobisher, 92; by Hall, 
H2, 114, 116 
Plankton, 426 
Playse, John, his journal, 118 
Pleuropogon Sabinii, 186, 295 
Plover, 251, 263 
Point Victory, 235 
Polar areas, 3 
— conference, 316 
Polaris, 300, 301 
Pole, South magnetic, 417 
Polyphemus, 222 
Ponies, in Arctic travel, 292, 293; in 
Greenland travel, 381 ; in Antarctic 
travel, 478, 490, 494 et seq., 497, 
498 
Ponting, Mr, 491 
Poole, Jonas, visits Spitsbergen, 
105; completes Hudson's survey, 
123 ; death of, 123 
Population (Norse) in Greenland, 51 
Porcupine, 427 
Porpoise, 222 
Possession Island, 415 
Pourquoi Pas, 442 
Priestley, Raymond, 478, 480, 491, 
493. 504 
Priests of the Eskimos, 23 
"Primus" lamp, 342, 461 
Prince Albert, 252 et seq,, 262 
Prince Albert Mountains, 417 
Prince of Wales, 241 
Prince of Wales Island, 274, 277 
— Land, 259 
— Strait,. M'Clure explores and 
winters in, 264 
Prince Patrick Island, 266, 267 
Prince Regent Inlet, 207, 217 
Principall Navigations (Hakluyt), 
no 
Prontchishcheff, 176 
Prosperous, 156 
Proteus, 317 et seq.; founders, 319 
Provisions, Davis's, 94, 96 ; Dease 
and Simpson's, 229; Frobisher's, 
90; Lockwood's, 318; Nansen's, 
334, 342; Parry's, first voyage, 
207; Parry's, second voyage, 213; 
