YOSIIIMARO TANAKA 
223 
Plain wh. Q x £ 
(Pqy) ( 
Ljght norm, 
yel. (PQ 1 Y) 
Light norm. Plain Plain 
wh. (PQ x y) yel. (PqY) wh. (Pqy) 
104 1 16 52 
128 95 45 
Ai/9'15 43 
A 1 82' 1 5 39 
The above experiments clearly show that coupling and repulsion similar 
to those observed in distinctly marked normal and quail, occur between the 
Y and'Q 1 or Q- factor responsible for lighter normal and quails. 
Some families in my experiments apparently showed the independent 
inheritance of darker quail factors Q ) and Y, when lighter quail factors 
(&'>(^) are involved; while some others gave rise to coupling or repulsion 
under a similar circumstance. Beside this, the interrelations of subordinate 
quail factors, and their behaviour towards S, M, q etc. are still open 
question : these obscure points are to be manifested by future experiments. 
The striped and moricaud strains are also not free from variation, and 
families are often met with which consist of different subtypes in respect of 
marking intensity. Fig. 60 represents a series showing such a variation in 
the moricaud in the third larval stage, and P"ig. 50 represents a variation in 
the normal marking in the same stage. It will be seen that the lightest 
moricaud is somewhat difficult to distinguish sharply from the darkest normal, 
though the difference between the moricaud and normal becomes so marked 
in later stages that two strains can scarcely be confused. Whether such a 
variation of the striped and moricaud is due to the variation of S and M, or 
due to that of & gene, as in the case of quail and normal, is almost impossible 
to assert, as Q, is completely coupled with S and M as already mentioned. 
spots, i. e. the "eye-spots" on the segment II, the anterior "semilunules" on 
V, and the posterior on VIII. The "eye-spots" and anterior "similunules" 
2) Compound Nature of Unit Characters. 
The essential feature of the normal marking consists of three pairs of 
