YOSHIMARO TANA K. A 
225 
family had the extra "semilunules" but the plain larvae possessed CD shaped 
traces of the spots on segment IX, as well as on V and VIII J) 
(Text-fig. 6). A plain male from this family was crossed with 
a quail female from A59/15 3) (ex 029-1,2,3,4' 14, i. e. with a 
common ancestor with her mate), the resulting family, A353'i 5, 
consisted of 106 normal with tne third "semilunules" and 29 
normal without the spots in question (ratio about 3:1) From 
these facts it is evident that (1) the third "semilunules" are 
heritable and (2) the type with this mark is a simple domi- 
nant over the oridinary type. It is an interesting fact that 
the extra "semilunules" are often found in wild silkworms, 
Text Fig 6 Bombyx mori var. mandarina, the assumed ancestor of the 
domestic forms, though the wild type is moricaud in marking (Fig. 61). 4) 
Normal of the Bagdad and some other European races are peculiar in 
having "semilunules" of a "blurred" appearance (Text-fig. 7, A), in contrast 
t<> their sharp outlines in Japanese 
normal (B), 
The distribution of the dorsal 
dots vary considerably in different 
strains, even among those in which 
the "eye-spots" or ''semilunules" 
are of about the same intensity. 
In the normal of some strains 
(A 283'i5, A3i4'i5) the subdorsal 
< luts were unusually distinct. In 
some of the normal larvae from the 
families A 15 5' 15 and A 3 1 S' 1 ^ , the 
Text-fig. 7. 
A, ordinary type; B, modified type. 
Text-fig. 8. 
1) In a few individuals the spot was present on one side only. Similar asymmetry frequently 
occurs in the multilunar pattern. 
2) The presence of similar traces on segments V and VIII only is by no means rare in ordinary 
plain strains. 
3) The extra "semilunules" were not taken note of in this family, but it is possible that the 
animal mated possessed the spots in question, and was heterozygous in this character. 
4) In my experiments some domestic moricaud larvae were also found provided with extra 
semilunular spots. 
