210 
ON TUE S'roMAc:iI t;i,ANl)S OK IHK RAI' AND UABIUT 
int;" diver L^cncc in the nil's case. 
(I) The Cardiac Glands- 
The cardiac glands of the stomach of the Rat are distributed in the nar- 
row zone just inside the boundary ridge so as to describe an ellipse along 
the kitter. The cardiac glands of the rat, according to the many specimens 
I have examined, are in contradiction to the assertions of many histologists 
never more than seven in number. I, at least, have never been able to find 
so many. The connection between the Epithel of the cardia gland and the 
Epithel of the Oesojihagus that composes the cardiac sac, is the communica- 
tion between the epithelium cells of the cardiac gland and the cells which 
ha\-e a relatively large nucleus that shows a good reaction with Haematoxy- 
lin and which envelope the Papillae of the muköse, these having a complex 
form in the connecting part. The change from the epithelium cells of the 
cardiac gland and the basal cells of the Epithelium of the cardiac sac in the 
region of the junction is verj^ gradual and the two cannot be distinguished. 
The form of the cardiac gland is not branched and shows a very simple 
shape. The tubes run first at right angles to the wall of the stomach and 
then parallel or slightly inclined, and parallel to the ridge which forms the 
connection with the cardiac sac. 
The gland nearest the connection with the Oesophagus is very simple, 
sometimes formed of a single cavity. The epithelium cells of the cardiac 
gland are of homologous columnar form and are firmly joined together. The 
nucleus lies at the bottom of the cell. The surface e[nthelium cells of the 
cardiac gland are of higher cylindrical form than those at the bottom, but the 
contents of all cells of the gland are the same. 
The connection of the cardia and fundus glands may be known from the 
appearance of parietal cells. The cells of the cardiac gland gradually change 
to the chief cells of the fundus gland ; in this place, therefore, the cells of 
some of the glands show an intermediary form between those of the cardiac 
gland and the chief cells of the fundus gland. Among such intermediary 
