248 
K. MI Y ARK. 
sulphate and chloride appeared in concentration of i/iooo normal. Calcium 
chloride showed its highest stimulation in 1/5000 normal while sodium 
carbonate and bicarbonate showed in concentrations of 1/5ÖO — i/iooo and 
1/100 normal respectively. 
In regard to the influence of the salts, under our examination, upon 
the germination of seeds, many results of investigations have been reported 
up to the present time. According to Zeller 0 , sodium carbonate was 
toxic even In concentration of 1/300 while magnesium sulphate had a good 
effect in concentration of 1/100 upon the germination of cress and oats. 
Calcium chloride acted as a stimulant in a pretty strong solution upon 
the germination of these plants. Lea 2) has also observed a poisonous 
action of sodium carbonate on the germination of seeds. Fleischer 35 
found that rape and clover seeds died in 1/8 concentration of sodium 
carbonate, while hemp was not affected. He also observed that sodium 
sulphate and chloride in concentration up to 11 ^ were indifferent for the 
germination of spelt wheat, barley, buckwheat and sunflower, while wheat, 
rape, flax and hemp were indifferent in the former, but affected badly by 
the latter salt. T a u t p h o e u s 4) studied the influence of potassium chloride, 
sulphate and phosphate, sodium chloride and nitrate, and calcium nitrate 
upon the germination of wheat, rye, rape, maize, peas and beans, and found 
that these salts were more or less injurious even in 0.5 % solution upon 
the germination of all of the above plants except rape. On the contrary, 
Nesslers 5 ' observed that 0.5 % solution of sodium chloride was toxic 
upon the germination of rape and clover, while wheat seeds were well 
germinated even in 1 solution. It was also observed by Hindolf 6) 
that magnesium and calcium chloride in dilute solution had a good in- 
1) . Zeller, — Inaugural Diss. (1876); Nobbe, — Handbuch der Samenkunde, Berlin, pp. 
268-270 (1876). 
2) . Lea,— Amer. Jour, of Sc. and Arts, p. 197 (1867); Nobbe, — Ibid. 
3) . Fleischer. — Nobbe,— Ibid. 
4) . Taut p hoe us,— Inaugural Diss. (1875); Jahresber. Agrikchem., 18 u. 19, p. 240 ( 1875— 
1876). 
5) . Nesslers, — Wochenblatt des landw. Vereins im Grossherzogthum Baden, No. 6 (1877); 
Jahresber. Agrikchem., 20, P. J 93 ('877). 
6) . Hindolf,— Just Bot. Jahresber., 1, p. 139 (1887). 
