GENERAL CULTURE OF STOVE PLANTS. 
57 
hot water pipes may be used with 'great advantage. A system of heating by hot 
water was furnished us some time ago by Mr. Waldron, which probably might 
answer well. This apparatus is so simple that when the pipes are obtained, any 
person may without difficulty fix them. The boiler a, is three feet long, two feet 
six inches wide, and two feet six inches deep down the sides. The fire is made in 
the middle b, and leaves but six inches depth of water over it ; the water coming 
down each side of body of fire, and the flames also spreading around the outside 
c, c, soon causes the water to boil ; the fire-place is one foot six inches wide, and 
three feet long ; and from the great body of fire it will contain, the boiler is capable 
of answering the purposes of several houses ; and the fire when once got into full 
action consumes comparatively little fuel. On the top of the boiler is fixed a box 
d, from which issue as many pipes as there are houses to be heated, allowing one 
pipe to each house. Each of these pipes has a stopcock at its base, e, to turn the 
water and heat on or off any house required. A similar box is fixed at f, for the 
return pipes, and on the top of it is fixed a feeding pipe g, to allow the air to 
escape from the circulating pipes, and also to supply the boiler with water ; the 
size of the feeding pipe must be regulated by the quantity of water the boiler and 
pipes hold ; every twenty gallons, when hot, become twenty one by expansion ; for 
every twenty gallons, therefore, the boiler and pipes hold, one gallon must be 
allowed for the feeder : for instance, if the boiler and pipes hold 1 60 gallons, the 
feeding pipe must hold eight, to allow for expansion. 
There are two small pipes (fig. 113, h, h,) of half an inch bore placed upon the 
top pipes at the turning, to carry off the air, that the water may circulate freely. 
These are carried up from four to six feet high, and if placed against the wall, will 
not be much seen ; if the pipes have to pass a door-way, they may be sunk under 
the walk, and raised again after the manner of a flue ; but previous to sinking them 
a small pipe, similar to h,h, must be fixed to carry off the air, or they will not work 
well off from the boiler and pipes when required. The boiler is a close one, and 
should be well made, and put together with fire cement, nuts and bolts; it will cost 
about twenty shillings per cwt. 
If the boiler is only intended to heat one house, the boxes will not be wanted, as 
a pipe will be fixed on the top of the boiler, and the return one at /,' exclu- 
sive of the boxes and cocks. The expense of heating a house thirty feet long will 
amount to : — . 
vol. n. — no. III. i 
