226 
CULTURE OF HARDY DECIDUOUS AND EVERGREEN SHRUBS. 
although they are not strictly evergreen shrubs ; they grow about three feet high,, 
and should be planted on the peat border with the Azaleas. A. huxifolia, racemosa, 
&c. are also well deserving a place in the flower garden ; they are all propagated by 
seeds and cuttings, for particulars about which, see vol. 1, page 165. 
BENTHAMIA. 
B. fragifera. This beautiful new shrub is an evergreen, and flowers in pro- 
fusion during June, July, and August, and produces a crop of large red mulberry- 
like fruit in the autumn ; it was introduced a few years ago from the East Indies. 
Our plants grow freely in common light soil, and no doubt but they will be increased 
readily by layers and seeds. 
CATALPA. 
C. syringifoli A. This handsome flowering shrub is deserving a place in' 
every shrubbery ; it was introduced by Catesby, who found it in the vicinity of the 
Ohio and Mississippi. If planted in a warm sheltered place it will flower finely 
when it has become ten or twelve feet, although the ordinary height it reaches is 
twenty feet. Common garden soil suits it very well, but if made a little rich it 
grows more luxuriant. The usual way of propagation is by cuttings of the roots 
planted under a hand-glass, or by seeds, which may be bought at most of the seed 
shops. 
CHIONANTHUS. 
C. Virginica, or Fringe-tree, is a fine large deciduous tree, growing twenty 
feet or more high ; the leaves are broad, like those of the Magnolia grandifiora. 
It is a native of North America, where it was found growing upon the mountains, 
and is very hardy. A light loam suits it well ; but propagation is difficult : budding 
and grafting on the common ash tree is the usual mode practised. The seeds are a 
long time before they vegetate after being sown, sometimes more than two years. 
CHIMONANTHUS. 
C. fragrans. This species, together with the grandifiora and luteus, are 
most usually considered to be greenhouse plants, as during the winter their delightful 
fragrance and lively flowers greatly enliven the appearance of a collection. They, 
however, grow very freely out of doors on a warm border, or under the Wall of a 
stove or greenhouse. They are natives of China, and grow to six or eight feet 
high in favourable situations. Any light soil will do for them to be planted in out of 
doors, but if cultivated in pots use about equal parts of sandy loam and heath mould 
(peat). The mode of propagation is by layers, which merely require pegging down 
without any tongue; this should be done in the spring, just when the plants begin to 
grow. They may also be increased by cuttings of the young wood, which should 
be planted in sand, and be covered with a bell-glass, and the pots plunged in a 
gentle heat. 
CALYCANHUS. 
All this genus are natives of North America : they are very easy of culture, 
