NEW SYLVA OP NORTH AMERICA, 
Or the New and revised Trees, Shrubs 
and Vines observed, collected, and ascertain- 
ed or corrected between 1802 and 1836, by 
C. S. Rafinesque : all figured in my Au- 
tikoiv and Icones unless otherwise stated. 
The Trees and Shrubs of North America 
have received very early attention, because 
they could usually be cultivated in Europe in 
the open grounds; several were introduced 
there long ago : Duhamel wrote chiefly upon 
them about one hundred years ago. Michaux 
and his son were sent to collect them for the 
public nurseries of France. Bartram and Mar- 
shall collected them here for English nurseries, 
and Marshall published in Philadelphia about 
50 years ago, a general account of those known 
to him. He was followed and improved upon 
by Castiglione in Italy and Vangenheim in 
Germany, who both wrote on North American 
Trees and Shrubs, publishing figures of many. 
In England Miller, Trew, Catesby & c, publish- 
ed also many figures of them in their works ; 
but they were all exceeded by Michaux junior 
who after publishing the splendid Monograph 
of American Oaks of his father, printed both in 
French and English a very good special work 
on our Trees. 
Watson, Jacquin and others have since pub- 
lished iconographical dendrologies, and several 
monographs have appeared ; among which de- 
serve peculiar notice, those of our Willows by 
Muhlenberg, Wildenow, Smith <£c, Pines and 
Firs by Lambert, our Ash trees by Bose in- 
creased by him to 27 species, and my N 
Roses 1820 increased to 25 species, with my 
