September i, 1890.] THE TROPICAL AGRICULTURIST. 
iSS 
at the time of the commission of the alleged offence no 
reason to suspect the genuineness of the trade mark, 
or trade description ; and 
(h) That on demand made by or on behalf of the 
prosecutor he gave all the information in his power 
with respect to the persons from whom he obtained such 
goods or things ; or 
(c) That otherwise he had acted innocently. 
Under these provisions “ A Country Grocer,” if only 
he has acted innocently and will give such information 
as he can about the goods that he sells, need not fear 
that he will have to rest his case on the evidence of 
experts as to quality or the country of origin. 
The answer to his question, “Whether misdescrip- 
tion — even if purchasers are not misled by it — as to 
quality and place of origin, without the assomption of 
the name or brand of any particular estate, is actionable 
.and pnnishable,” is that the Act does not require that 
the purchaser or the public should have been in fact 
deceived.— I am, &c., Wm. Martin Leake. 
^ 
PAPER y. LEAD FOR TEA PACKAGES 
To the Editor of the “ Ceylon Observer." 
Kandy, July 17tb. 
Sir, — At the request of the Chairman I enclose copy 
of letters regarding Mr. J. Maitland Kirwan’s prepared 
paper for tea packages. — I am, sir, yours faithfully, 
A. PHILIP, Secretary. 
(Copy). Billiter Square Buildings, 
London, June 27th. 
Dear Sir, — I have now pleasure iu sending you by 
this mail another sample of the prepared paper to take 
the place of tea lead. Since I last corresponded with 
you I have had a break of Elkadua tea sent home iu 
this paper, one half of the break being packed in this 
paper and the other half in the ordinary lead, the result 
ot sate being precisely the same. 
Heither the trade nor anyone else has made any 
objection to this paper, and as it will cost about 40 per 
cent less than the lead, there will be little difficulty in 
introducing it. 
I have had application for samples of the paper 
from Kangra Valley Planters’ Association and other 
firms. You wilt no doubt now bring this matter before 
your Association at an early date. I may mention that 
I intend entirely substituting this paper for the lead ou 
my Elkadua estates where I have close on 1,000 
acres of tea. — I am, &c., 
(Signed) Jno. Maitland Kiewan. 
L. H. Kelly, Esq., Chairman, Ceylon Planters’ Asso- 
ciation. 
Copy. Oastlereagh, July 16th. 
Dear Sir, — In reply to yours of June 27th I shall 
bring the matter before the Association at our meeting 
on 8th ot next month. You do not give cost of paper 
or how it should be fastened together. I have asked 
the Secretary of the Association to publish your letter, 
as the best means of giving publicity to the merits of 
the paper. — Yours very truly, 
(Signed) L. H. Kelly, Chairman, C. P. A. 
P.S. — I may mention that when I received the first 
samples I brought the matter before the Tea Fund. 
DARJEELING PLANTERS’ ASSOCIATION. 
Proceedings at Committee Meeting of the Darjeeling 
Planters’ Association, held on Saturday 14th June at 
noon. Present: — Messrs. J. Johnston, F. Do Momet, 
W. Ager, 6. G. LeMessurier, J. Calvert, J. Court, G 
Nash, A. Wernicke, J. D. Gwilt, K. Harrison, Hony. 
Secretary. 
Read letter No. T. A. 3435 dated 27th May 1890, 
from General Manager, D. H. Railway, offering 7;\ 
per cent, rebate under five years agreement witu 
various 'Tea Concerns, on all classified goods upwards 
aud downwards over the D. H. Railway, the item of 
coal being subject to 5 per cent rebate only. Resolved : 
That these terms be accepted, and be made known 
to every member of the A ssociation by printed Circular. 
— [ndian Planters’ Clatettc. 
NOTES ON PRODUCE AND FINANCE. 
A NEW DEPARTURE. 
Mr. Liplon, who is in his way a provincial Whiteley, 
and has shops and stores all over the country, began 
the sale of tea, chiefly Indian and Ceylon, about a year 
ago. Daring the first year his sales have reached 
4,000,000 lb., and lie is now turning his attention to 
America. Mr. Lipton is now in Ceylon, where he is 
purchasing tea estates for the purpose of growing and 
supplying his own shops direct, with Ceylon tea. We 
understand that in America Mr. Lipton will sell Ceylon 
tea only, and thus render material aid to Ceylon plan- 
ters in the campaign in the United States. 
CONDITIONS OF PUBLIC SALE, 
Tho dealers have had their way over the question of 
the new public sale conditions, and future oaialogues of 
tea will contain the new conditions, by which it will be 
clearly provided that the teals ready for delivery, ex- 
cepting packages which may require to be coopered ; 
and, as some chests are on show before the sale, it is 
only reasonable that a short time should be given for 
nailing up such packages. Indian importers have ob- 
jected to the proviso that all tea must be ready for de- 
livery at the time of sale, but the dealers were equally 
firm the other waj'. The importers have yielded, and 
it is hoped that the new arrangement will work satis- 
factorily. — H. and C. Mail, 
^ _ 
COOLY LABOUR ON COFFEE AND TEA 
ESTATES. 
In our issue of the 27th ultimo we published a letter 
from a planter under the above heading and since then 
we have received several other letters containing the 
same complaints. The writer, in the first letter, it 
will be remembered, complained of the diffioulty in 
procuring labour and in dt-aling with coolies who, hav- 
ing received advances, keep the money and refuse to 
work. The estates are in consequence eaten np with 
jungle and weeds, or as our correspondent put 
It, “ our work is all behind, onr coffee is 
all in weeds, which are eatii g all the manure 
we have put in for the benefit of the coffee; not a 
pit has been made for next year’s supply,” &c. The 
grievance is one of long stamting though the Govern- 
ment is now less to blame for the state of 'hings 
giving rise to these complaints than it was formerly. 
The position of the planter at the present day is very 
different from what it was in years gone by. He is 
better provided with police and roads, and in the Breach 
of Contract Act he possesses the means of obtaining 
summary justice in cases iu which advances have been 
paid without any work being done for them, and for 
which formerly a remedy could be sought only in the 
Civil Courts. Nor is he slow in availing himself of 
the Act, for as was stated in onr review of the annual 
Report on the administration of criminal justice in 
Coorg for the year 1889, there were in that year no 
fewer than 1,648 cases out ot a total of 3,624 — a large 
increase of prosecutions as compared with the preced- 
ing year. Whether this constant appeal to the law 
is on the whole a wise policy and likely to c-rndnee 
to the interest of the planters is doubtful. In any 
case our correspondent should not oomplain that 
“help m any shape or form” is denied planters 
by the Government to whom “ we might as well 
appeal as to the gods of the heathen.” What further 
assistance do the planters need’? The difficulty of 
finding men against whom warrants have been issued 
is one incident to all legal procedure and not peouliac 
to Ooorg, or any other planting district. 
The emigration of the labouring classes is no doubt 
a thiug to be deplored in the interests of planting 
industry in this country. “ Why,” asked our corres- 
pondent, “ should the Government send oooly labour 
to foreign countries when it is so much needed 
nearer home '? ” The Government does not send cooly 
labour to Ceylon, Burma, the Mauritius, &c., as the 
emigration is entirely voluntary ; all that the State 
does is to take care that the coolies are not enticed 
