210 
THE TR0P1CM. AtmitniLTURlST- [September i, 1890. 
felt that to be sound advice. One of the characterg 
in one of Trollope’s novels, on being asked how hg 
got on, replied, “Dogged does it,” and he gave thg 
students the advice “15e dogged.” They would hav 
misfortunes to contend with. Their crops or thei'^ 
cattle might be destrc yed ; but they ought not on that 
account to fold their arms and sit down under the 
misfortune. Let them, on the contrary, stand up like 
gallant men and fight so as to recover their losses. 
(Cheers.) In this respect they had an example before 
them in this country'. If they looked around them 
they would see how the farmers of this country during 
a succession of bad years had had to fight gallantly 
against misfortune, and the students in similar cir- 
cumstances could not do better than imitate that 
example. He heartily wiehed them all success. 
(Cheers.) 
Sir a. Hodgson also addressed the students. He 
said that he went out to Australia when be was 21 
years of age, knowing nothing about agriculture. All 
that he had learned before this was most unwillingly 
learned as an Eton boy studying Virgil. (Laughter.) 
Af’erwards he entered the Navy, and then went to 
Cambridge, going ultimately to Australia. He had en- 
joyed no advantages similar to those now enjoyed by 
the students of this college, and he impressed upon 
them to take advantage of this great and golden op- 
portunity to learn. He urged them when they went 
to a colony not to shift their ground without good and 
sufficient reason, to stick to the man with whom they 
might be for the time engaged, to study his character. 
In the long run their good sense, good feeling, good 
character, and sound education would stand them well 
in the hour of difiiculty. (Cheers.) 
Sib Geaham Beery also thought that young men 
entering colonial life from the preparation of such an 
institution os this possessed a great advantage over 
their predecessors of the olden times. He urged the 
students who might go to the colonies to be brave, 
firm, persevering, resting assured that success would 
be their reward. 
SiE F. Napier Become said that his latter days as 
Governor of Western Australia had been everything 
he desired, because he saw that his colony was on 
the point of obtaining everything it wanted. The 
Constitution Bill, as soon as it had received the assent 
of the House of L^rds and her Majesty, would allow 
the colony to enter on a career of free institutions 
enabling it to take a place side by side with the other 
great colonies. Western Australia was a new colony, 
and there was plenty of room in it, and as an old 
practical colonist he thought that some of the pupils 
of this college might do worse than turn their at- 
tention at this juncture to it, especially when the 
colony might bo said to be starting on a new career. 
He thought that iu Western Australia they could start 
on a smaller amount of capital than in the larger 
colonies. A young man with £2,000 could begin his 
career as a squatter or pastoral farmer. On behalf 
of the colonies he expressed their great obligations 
to the Oolonial Secretary. (Cheers.) If the Western 
Australia Constitution Bill had not been handled with 
great tact and judgment and with great consideration 
for colonial interests and the guardianship of Imperial 
interests, it would have been a much more delicate 
matter to overcome the opposition which a short time 
ago existed throughout the country.* Almost ihe whole 
of the Bress was more or less opposed to the Bill giving 
control of the lands, but now, owing to the way in which 
the measure had been handled, there was no voice 
raised against it at the present moment. The chief 
credit for this was due to Lord Knutsford, and he 
knew that this feeling was felt in the Australian col- 
onies. (Cheers.) The colony was also very sensible 
of iho support which it had received from the Agent- 
General of Victoria and the representatives of the 
other colonies, and who had backed it up so well. 
Hundreds of young moti had come to him with letters 
* The objeotiou to handing over one million square 
niiloH of territory, even though much of it is sterile, 
to '10,000 persons was certainly natural, and the cou- 
(•ension requited to be carefully safeguarded. — E d T. A. 
of introduction, but on inquiry he found that they 
knew nothing of practical affairs concerning agricul- 
ture, their thoughts being in the direction of obtaining 
some small post in the Government. (Laughter.) Any 
one, however, who arrived in the colony having passed 
through such an institution as this possessed a market 
value the moment he landed, and his future was as- 
snted. (Cheers.) 
Sir F. Yodkg also spoke a few words of enourage- 
ment, 
Mr. Beaddon (Agent-General for Tasmania) bore 
testimony as a colonist to the immense advantage 
which students derived from such a college. He ad- 
vised students to go to some British possession rather 
than throw in their lot with those who were not of 
their own race and blood. 
A vote of thanks to the chairman brought this part 
of the proceedings to a close. The company after- 
wards inspected the farms, dairy, cattle, and sheep. 
— London Times, July 18th. 
♦ 
TEA FOE PEESIA. 
From an official report on the trade of Khorassan 
for the year 1889-90, we note that the total value of 
British goods imported there during the year via 
Trebizond and Tabriz was about 82,000 tumans (23,429^.), 
and of British goods, via Bander Abbas, 213,050 tumans 
(60,87H.). This last total does not include the value 
of China tea, the larger proportion of which should, 
however, be fair,ly included, as there is no doubt that 
most of it was purchased and brought from China 
by English merchants. No less than 118,5711'. worth 
of China green tea and 5.143L worth of China hlach 
tea came from Bombay, while the value of the India, 
green tea was only 7,1437., and of the Indian black 
tea, which is universally drunk in Khorassan, 112,0007 
Thus the total value of China tea was 123,7147., 
against 19,1437. of Indan. A Peshawar tea merchant, 
just arrived at Meshed to arrange to forward his 
goods by that route in future, states that the Amir 
of Afghanistan levies 80 Indian rupees (57. 13s. 4d.) 
on every camel-load of goods passing through his 
territory {via Kabul) to Bokhara. The Amir of 
Bokhara also levies 2| per cent. He further states 
that a pound of tea, costing 12 annas in India, will 
cost about 16 annas when it reaches Meshed, 18 annas 
when it reache-. Bokhara by this route, and 21 annas 
by the Kabul route. He says two-thirds of the green 
tea imported into Bokhara is Chinese, and one-third 
Indian. If this is so, a great quantity of Indian tea 
must travel there by Kabul, the most expensive route, 
and the Indian merchants must be unaware that the 
Persian route is the cheapest. — Grocer. 
♦ 
TEA IN JAPAN. 
Researches on the Manufacture of Various Kinds of 
Tea. Bulletin of the Imperial College of Agriculture 
and Dendrology . By Y. Kozai, Assistant in the Agri- 
cultui’al Chemical Laboratory. (Tokio, 1890.) 
Y. Kozai is a Japanese chemist who performed his 
researches under the control of Dr. Kellner, the 
Director of the Chemical Laboratory at Tokio. His 
paper includes the chemical constitution of tea, the 
effect of tea on mankind, the principal methods of 
manufacture employed in Japan, and the methods of 
preparing tea for consumption. These subjects are 
all treated mainly from the point of view of the 
analytic chemist. The author appears fairly well ac- 
quainted with what the German chemists have done 
in the matter of tea. 
Wo need not abstract much of his account of the 
constitution and properties of tea, as it is largely taken 
from European sources. “The chief action of tea, 
after it has got into the blood, is to excite the nervous 
system ; it thus harmonizes the mind, drives out drowsi- 
ness, and awakens thought, stops hunger, and cures 
repletion, refreshes the body, and prevents head-acht” 
— ^and (it might be added) if taken too strong keeps 
you awake half the night. As to its constitution, tea 
