666 
THE TROPICAL AGRICULTURIST, 2, 1891. 
BAllK AND DEUG BEPOIIT. 
(From tho Chemist and Druggist.) 
London, Feb. 5tb. 
Annatto. Seeds are firmly held, though the price still 
remains low. For a parcel of 90 bags good bright red 
Ceylon an offer of 2d per lb. was refused, as being 
below the limit. Twenty-one bags good West ludim 
seer sold, ‘‘subject to approval,’’ at 2id per lb.; damages 
at Id per lb. 
Cinchona.— A parcel of 112 bales South American 
Guaiaquii bark was for tho greater part sold lod>y at a 
decline of about 2d per lb. ; bright thin siivery quiil 
lOd to lid; broken ditto 7d to 8|d ; long brown, partly 
broken quill 5d to ojd; broken brown stout ditto, and 
damaged S^d to <I|d. For a parcel of 45 bales ho-called 
Calisuya, fair bright colour, half hard bald, imported 
via Hamburg, the price of 9d per lb. was suggested. 
Sixteen cases East Indian bark, long thin bright drug- 
gists’ quill, partly mossy Succirubra, sold at UJd to 12d ; 
and lor 13 cases good grey stem quill Is 2d to la 4d 
per lb was paid. 
Coca Leave.?.— Six bales South American leaves were 
bought in— good greenish but broken Trtixillo, of gooil 
flavour, at Is 3d ptr lb.; thin dull small grey leaves, at 
9d per lb.; 8 packages, just arrived from Colombo, were 
not actually offered. 
Quinine. —There has been m.ro business doing this 
week, about 110 000 oz of German speculative brands, in 
bulk, hiving sold for forward delivery (July-September) 
at Is per oz. At today’s auctions 8,000 oz. Brunswick 
and 5,000 oz. Zimmer quinine were offered, but only 
lid per oz. was bid for them, and the whole was 
bought in. There are second-hand sellers on the spot 
at lljdperoz. 
^ 
AGRICULTURAL AND TECHNICAL EDU- 
CATION IN THE COLONIES 
is the title of a paper by Henry F. Mooro, read at 
the latest meeting of the Royal Ooloiiial Institute, in 
which we find the following from Ceylon 
Ceylon. 
The Colonial Secretary, Sir Edward Noel Walker, 
K.C.M G , has sent me the following excellent report : — 
I. General Education.— The population of Ceylon, 
according to the last census (1881), is 2,759,738. For 
this population general education is provided in con- 
nection with the Government as follows: — 
(a) 438 8chool.«, with 35,948 .scholars, supported 
wholly by Government. 
(5) 919 schools, with 66,400 scholars, aided by Gov- 
ernment : the Government paying a grant on the result 
payment system after tho annual examination of each 
school. 
There are also 2,427 schools receiving no aid from the 
Government, representing 28,823 scholars. Of these 
1,844 schools, with 12,211 scholars, are Pausala schools 
— i, e. small schools taught by Buddhist monks in their 
monasteries. Tho teaching of English was at one 
time largely carried on by the Government direct in its 
own Government schools. It has of late year.'f, however, 
become in a fair way to be self-supporting ; and the 
schools supported wholly by Government are now 
nearly all vernacular schools, teaching, in Sinhalese and 
Tamil only, reading, writing, arithmetic, geography 
and history, with specific subjects (animal physiology, 
sanitation, agrirulture, and domestic economy). The 
teaching of English schools aided by Government, but 
not wholly supported by Government, is on tlie follow- 
ing lines in high schools, the whole of the 
instruction being given in English ; in Eng- 
lish primary schools tho subjects are taught 
up to the fifth standard hi-lingnally — what is 
read or written in English having to be translated 
into one of tho vernacular languages, so that a native 
Bcholac may gain a full undtr.scanding of wJiat is taught. 
II. Agricultuial 3.’eacliing, — {a) Generally, the ele- 
ments of agriculture are taught ns a specific subject in 
Government and aided so; oois from text-book“. 
ih) Five years ago a .special ecliool of agriculture, 
•wbolly maiiitfiined by the Government, was opened at 
Oolombo, and the studentB undergo a two years’ course 
of training somewhat on the liuos of Uirejicestor. 
After their training is completed, a certain number 
arepairl by the Government, and are sent out as sgri- 
culturai instructors into remote rural districts, where 
they lease land and cullivato it on improved systems, 
receiving half the profits of their crops themselves, the 
other h.alf being divided amongst tho labourers from 
tlie village where (he cultivation is worked. By this 
means, what is liarncd in text-books at school is 
brought before the eyes of the villagers. I have cot 
been long at work in tnis direction, as the experiment 
is new ; but soma good has been done alrfady in tho 
few year.s that have been devoted to it, especially as the 
crops raised by our instructors have generally been 
di.uble, aud often many fold, of the crops rai-'cd on 
primitive native systems ; this provokes imitation. 
These agricultural instructors are moved about the 
country alter raising a few crops, so as to bring their 
work beforu as many villages as possible. 

PLANTING PRODUCTS. 
(From the Thirty-seventh Annual Report of the 
Ceylon Planters Association, held 
17th Feb. 1891.) 
Tea . — The season on the whole has been a satisfactory 
one especially so in the continued progress made in 
Markets proving the usefulneis of the Tea Fund which 
paves the way to the introduction of our Teas to all 
parts of the world. The Ceylon Planters’ American 
Tea Company has been amalgamated with a large 
American Company and there is every promise of its 
diverting a considerable share of your Tea to America. 
A very promising beginning has been made in in- 
troducing Ceylon Tea into Russia aud you have to 
thank Mr. Rogivue, who was sent there by the Stand- 
ing Committee of the Tea Fund, for the very en- 
ergetic way in which he has set to work. Your 
best thanks are also due to Lieut, de Frisch for 
bis kind aid in bringing our Tea into notice in Russia, 
and everything points to considerable progress bring 
made in this Marktt during 1891. You are also led 
to exjieot the advent of Russian buyers to the 
Colombo Market, and it must be seen to that Teas 
are sent forward to suit thorn, which will settle the 
matter of opening the Eufsian Market at once. The 
average for the Home Market was lid, the same as 
that of last year; but the Market differed this year 
from last in that it was a steady one throughout 
the rise in silver curing the latter half of the year, 
without any compensating rise in the marke 
Value of your Teas has of course been a serioust 
matter, and growers must trust 1o the great and 
increasing demand for our teas to right this in time. 
The working results of all local Tea Companies have 
been satisfactory showing excellent returns. Thetotal 
crop for the year ending 3lst December 1890 is 
45,799, 518J lb. or an increase of 11,453,766 lb. as 
.against the same twelve mouths of 1889. The pro- 
gress made with tho Australian and New Zealand 
markets continues to be most satisfactory, the exports 
for 1888 being 479,626 lb , for 1889 1,134,156 lb. while 
for 1890 they are 2,861, ■433 lb., or more than doubl- 
ing itself each year. Your Teas taken up by 
America and Canada for 1890 are 201,223 lb. as 
against 42,252 in 1889. There has been a consider- 
able increase of Tea coming into bearing during the 
year and the area now giving yield may be put at 
205,000 acres. 1891 will show a still larger increase 
on this. Tea in many districts has had to sutTer from 
an insufiiciency of rain during the South-West Monsoon 
but owing to the first portion of tho year being so 
favorable the falling off in returns has not been great. 
A consideraole number of properties have changed 
hands dui iug the year r.t satisfactory prices. And the 
enterprise as a whole is on a firm footing with every 
promise for the future. A further considerable acreage 
has been planted in tea during the year under review 
in all the divisions of the principality of Uva, Badullo, 
Madulsima Haputale, Udapussellawa and the results 
obtained not only as regards yield but also as regards 
the quality of the tea compare very satisfactorily 
