HUDLESTON : GEOLOGY OF PALESTINE. 
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Fig. 8. — Section across the Jordan Yalley. 
S.W. A A ' A N.E. 
A, Alluvium and other superficial deposits ; A\ silt of the river Jordan ; 
m, old lacustrine deposits. 
Figure 8 serves to show the relation of the old lacustrine de- 
posits, which are remarkable for their sterility, to more recent 
fluviatile and torrential deposits, usually of a much coarser nature, 
brought down and again cut into by the Jordan and its tributary 
wadies. This secondary valley in which the J ordan runs is known as 
the Zor, whilst the larger or primary valley is known as the Ghor. 
These fluviatile deposits are often just as fertile as the old saline 
lacustrine deposits are sterile. 
There are many other subjects of interest connected with 
the Jordan valley, such as the evidence of climatal changes, &c., but 
we have no time for these. Before concluding I must just allude to 
the hot saline springs in the Jordan valley. Of these I will only 
mention three, although Dr. Salah Merrill has pointed out several 
others. It is clear from the abundance of these springs all along this 
great line of fault, that the forces of vulcanicity are not yet wholly 
quiescent, although lava no longer flows from the neighbouring 
craters of Galilee and Bashan. Indeed, so late as 1837, the inhabi- 
tants had a reminder of the fact, in the earthquake which destroyed 
the city of Tiberias and killed thousands of people. 
That there is no necessary connection between Sulphur waters 
and volcanicity the evidence of Harrogate will show, but when 
waters are thermal over a long line of country, we naturally regard 
hot water as proof of heat somewhere. 
There is a remarkable hot spring at Gadara, near the junction 
of the Jabbok with the Jordan. I mention this particularly, because, 
according to Dr. Merrill, this place has natural advantages, which 
will cause it to become the Montpelier of Syria some day. I think 
he mentions five sulphur sources. There are magnificent views from 
this place, which was evidently a favourite one in the days of the 
