274 
DAVIS: EXCURSION TO HOLDERNESS 
of the dwellings have been found, mostly consisting of stone and 
bone implements. Amongst the former are several rounded stones, 
used for pounding grain or other matters ; pointed or sharpened 
stones pierced in the middle for the introduction of a handle, and 
used as hammers ; a large stone of oval form, coarse texture, with 
flat surface, exceeding a foot in diameter may have been used in grind- 
ing food. Flint flakes used as knives and for other purposes have 
been found. The bone implements are mostly of large size and rude 
form. The large leg bones of the cow (Bos longifrons), probably the 
humerus, broken off diagonally about 8in. from the joint, and a hole 
bored immediately below the joint, for the insertion of a stick, formed 
an implement that would serve very well the purpose of a hoe for 
breaking up the land. The antlers of the red deer appear to have 
been used by these people as in other similar places, for digging 
purposes, and are frequently met with. Numerous nuts are found ; 
pieces of pottery, of an early British type occur. In addition to the 
bones of the animals named, there have been found the jaws of wolves, 
tusks of wild boar, head of horse and of red deer ; bones of sheep, 
dog, and of smaller animals, as well as the bones of birds. All these 
have been found beneath the upper structure, amongst the twigs and 
bark in the interstices between the timbers of the lower and earlier 
one, at a depth about 6ft. from the surface, and about 4ft. above the 
bottom of the lake. 
In the upper part of the dwelling a fine bronze spear head was 
found. The discovery of this implement has led to the inference 
that the later dwelling was erected during the period usually denom- 
inated the Bronze Age ; whilst in all probability the older foundations 
were laid at a much earlier time represented by the early Stone Age. 
It will be interesting to note the discoveries during future excavations, 
to ascertain whether other dwellings exhibit a similar duplicate 
arrangement, and afford evidence that peoples of so different intelli- 
gence and civilization, as those living in the Neolithic and Bronze 
Ages, occupied dwellings so nearly approximating in structure, as 
appears to have been the case in the present instance. 
Judging from the remains which have hitherto been discovered 
it appears probable that the people who erected the dwellings on 
