1921-22.] Obituary Notices. 365 
Gough Island (lat. 40° 20' S., long. 9° 56' W.) was visited for the first 
time by a scientific expedition. 
The scientific results of the Scotia expedition were published in a series 
of volumes, many of the papers previously appearing in the Transactions 
of this Society. Some six volumes have appeared, but there is material for 
several more if funds were available. A Government grant towards the 
cost, after years of effort on Bruce’s part, was on the eve of materialising 
when the outbreak of war checked all such schemes. Other papers of 
Bruce’s have appeared in the Scottish Geographical Magazine, the Geo- 
graphical Journal, etc. He wrote a volume on Polar Exploration (1911), 
and contributed a section on “ The Falkland Islands and Dependencies” to 
The Oxford Survey of the British Empire (1914). His researches into the 
early history and exploration of Graham Land are partly incorporated in 
the new Antarctic Pilot ; and his views on the structure of Antarctica 
appeared in “Uber die fortsetzung des antarktischen Festlandes,” Schweiz, 
natur. Gesell. zu Basel, 1910. 
R. N. R. B. 
III. — Biological Work. 
Deeply implanted in Dr Bruce’s temperament was an intense love of 
nature, and this passion was directed into definite channels during his 
attendance at the University of Edinburgh. There the influence especially 
of Professor Cossar Ewart and Sir William Turner, of whose teaching 
he always spoke v/ith enthusiasm, laid a broad foundation of zoological 
knowledge which stood Bruce in good stead during his wanderings. Two 
characteristics stand out prominently in his biological work — a scientific 
opportunism and an universal interest. No chance that offered of adding 
to the raw material of zoological science was allowed to slip by unused : 
when meteorology took him to the summit of Ben Nevis, he spent his spare 
hours making the first extensive collection of insects gathered at a high 
altitude in this country ; when commercial whaling took him to the 
Seychelles, he seized every opportunity of collecting zoological material, 
and confirmed a recent observation, first communicated to this Society, 
regarding the functioning of the so-called embryonic upper teeth of the 
sperm whale. The wideness of his biological interests could not be more 
concisely illustrated than by the materials he gathered, in his spare 
moments and often at great inconvenience to himself, during the Seychelles 
enterprise ; for these range from portions of whales, sucker-marks of giant 
squids upon whale-skin, marine polychaet worms and other invertebrates, 
to odds and ends of drift refuse picked up on the shore, by the identifica- 
