410 Proceedings of the Eoyal Society of Edinburgh. 
AWARDS OF THE KEITH, MAKDOUGALL - BRISBANE, 
NEILL, GUNNING, AND JAMES SCOTT PRIZES. 
I. KEITH PRIZE. 
1st Biennial Period, 1827-29.— Dr Brewster, for his papers “on his Discovery of Two New 
Immiscible Fluids in the Cavities of certain Minerals,’’ published in the Transactions of 
the Society. 
2nd Biennial Period, 1829-31. — Dr Brewster, for his paper “on a New Analysis of Solar 
Light,” published in the Transactions of the Society. 
3rd Biennial Period, 1831-33. — Thomas Graham, Esq., for his paper “on the Law of the 
Ditfusion of Gases,” published in the Transactions of the Society. 
4th Biennial Period, 1833-35. — Professor J. D. Forbes, for his paper “ on the Refraction and 
Polarization of Heat,” published in the Transactions of the Society. 
5th Biennial Period, 1835-37.— John Scott Russell, Esq., for his researches “on Hydro- 
dynamics,” published in the Transactions of the Society. 
6th Biennial Period, 1837-39. — Mr John Shaw, for his experiments “ on the Development 
and Growth of the Salmon,” published in the Transactions of the Society. 
7th Biennial Period, 1839-41. — Not awarded. 
8th Biennial Period, 1841-43.— Professor James David Forbes, for his papers “on 
Glaciers,” published in the Proceedings of the Society. 
9th Biennial Period, 1843-45. — Not awarded. 
10th Biennial Period, 1845-47. — General Sir Thomas Brisbane, Bart., for the Makerstoun 
Observations on Magnetic Phenomena, made at his expense, and published in the Trans- 
actions of the Society. 
llTH Biennial Period, 1847-49. — Not awarded. 
12th Biennial Period, 1849-51. — Professor Kelland, for his papers “on General Differentia- 
tion, including his more recent Communication on a process of the Differential Calculus, and 
its application to the solution of certain Differential Equations,” published in the Transac- 
tions of the Society. 
13th Biennial Period, 1851-53. — W. J. Macquorn Rankine, Esq., for his series of papers 
“on the Mechanical Action of Heat,” published in the Transactions of the Society. 
14th Biennial Period, 1853-55. — Dr Thomas Anderson, for his papers “on the Crystalline 
Constituents of Opium, and on the Products of the Destructive Distillation of Animal 
Substances,” published in the Transactions of the Society. 
15th Biennial Period, 1855-57. — Professor Boole, for his Memoir “on the Application of 
the Theory of Probabilities to Questions of the Combination of Testimonies and Judgments,” 
published in the Transactions of the Society. 
16th Biennial Period, 1857-59. — Not awarded. 
17th Biennial Period, 1859-61. — John Allan Broun, Esq., F.R.S., Director of the Trevandrum 
Observatory, for his papers “on the Horizontal Force of the Earth’s Magnetism, on the 
Correction of the Bifilar Magnetometer, and on Terrestrial Magnetism generally,” published 
in the Transactions of the Society. 
18th Biennial Period, 1861-63. — Professor William Thomson, of the University of Glasgow, 
for his Communication “on some Kinematical and Dynamical Theorems.” 
19th Biennial Period, 1863-65. — Principal Forbes, St Andrews, for his “Experimental 
Inquiry into the Laws of Conduction of Heat in Iron Bars,” published in the Transactions 
of the Society. 
20th Biennial Period, 1865-67. — Professor C. Piazzi Smyth, for his paper “on Recent 
Measures at the Great Pyramid,” published in the Transactions of the Society. 
21st Biennial Period, 1867-69. — Professor P. G. Tait, for his paper “on the Rotation of a 
Rigid Body about a Fixed Point,” published in the Transactions of the Society. 
22nd Biennial Period, 1869-71. — Professor Clerk Maxwell, for his paper “on Figures, 
Frames, and Diagrams of Forces,” published in the Transactions of the Society. 
