122 
HYPOXYLON AND ITS ALLIES. 
some "which might have been isolated, such as the very singular 
Hypoxylon lycogaloides , B. &. Br., and the equally strange and 
anomalous Hypoxylon solidum , Schwz. If any species deserved to 
be raised to a generic rank it was these. 
We note, too, especially, the membranaceous perithecia in 
Anthostoma, and the carbonaceous perithecia in the other genera. 
This is an important distinction, and there can be no doubt of the 
word, and of its correct translation, “ perithecia membranacea,” 
without any qualification ; and the same phrase is applied to 
Venturia and Gnomonia , with a qualification, as “ perithecia sub- 
membranacea,” hence we must expect to find the perithecia in 
Anthostoma more membranaceous than in Venturia and Gnomonia. 
Of course all species included by error in Anthostoma, which have 
perithecia as carbonaceous as in Hypoxylon , are out of place, and 
do not belong to the genus. If, therefore, we suggest the transfer 
of certain species from Anthostoma to Hypoxylon , it is with a full 
recognition of this important difference. The other feature of 
stroma immersed, or not immersed in the matrix, seems, from the 
examples we recognise in both genera, to be of doubtful value, and 
cannot be taken into account beside “ perithecia membranacea.” 
As in the former instance we shall commence with the larger 
genus Hypoxylon , leaving Anthostoma, as a whole, for a future 
opportunity. 
Measurements. — It cannot be considered as highly satisfactory 
• that, in a genus depending so much on the size of the sporidia in 
determining closely allied species, the measurements given in this 
work are so few. Out of 178 species, which the genus contains, 
only about one half has the measurements, i.e., there are 85 species 
with no measurements of the sporidia. Of the 93 species for which 
there are measurements given, we are responsible for 10 ; Nitschke 
for about 24 ; Cesati for 5, the majority of which are wrong ; and 
the original diagnoses for 32 measurements; leaving 22 as a 
balance, not over large, for which the author of the “ Sylloge ” is 
responsible. We doubt if it should be considered sufficient for the 
author of a work of such pretensions to aim at nothing beyond 
compilation, or so little, that it is almost indistinguishable. How- 
ever, the following may be accepted as a supplement, although 
contributed by one who has no pretensions to such a profound study 
of sporidia as to enable him to advocate an entire carpological 
system based upon a long and universal experience. 
4. Hypoxylon hypomiltum, Mont. 
Sporidia in specimen from Montagne, *012-'013 X -006 mm. 
6. Hypoxylon Howeianum, Peck. 
Sporidia -006--007 x *003 mm. 
8. Hypoxylon distillatum, B. Sf Br. 
Sporidia 'Ol-'Oll X *004--005 mm. 
9. Hypoxylon sclerophoeum, B . & C. 
Sporidia -012 X *005 mm. 
