With a screwdriver 
that turns as 
easily as ours, 
you’ll turn out 
projects easier 
than ever. 
That's because the 
Garrett Wade extra- 
torque screwdriver, with 
a 3" torque lever, adds an 
extra element of power 
against any screw. 
It features a total of 7 
bits - four Phillips, three 
standard - plus a 4" ex- 
tension for reach. Which 
saves you the trouble of 
keeping 6 extra screw- 
drivers around. 
The Garrett Wade ex- 
tra-torque screwdriver. 
Just 6” long, it works 
in three modes (left 
or right ratchet or 
fixed). It takes out 
the extra work in i 
any project. And 
for 1 16 pages of 
other fine 
woodworking 
tools, send 
for the 
catalog. 
Offer expires September 15, 1981 
Garrett Wade Co. , 
Dept. NH-l -81 
1 61 Ave. of the Americas 
N. Y, N.Y 10013 
□ Please send me extra-torque 
screwdriver(s) @ S26.90 p p d each 
O Please send me l_new Garrett Wade catalogs) @ $ 1 
(free with torque screwdriver order). 
□ Check or money order enclosed 
O Visa/ Master Charge/ American Express 
.Amount enclosed. (Add sales tax for NY 
Srate residents) 
Card No 
.Expires. 
NAME 
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.ZIP. 
sitive to changes in game densities. 
This predicts that compared with the 
Upper Paleolithic people, Neander- 
thals lived at lower densities, rarely 
formed large groups, and only excep- 
tionally lived in communal dwellings. 
This is supported in part by the Rus- 
sian archeological record; the camps 
of Neanderthal man are about one- 
fifth as frequent as those from the 
Upper Paleolithic, although the latter 
period was the shorter. 
The first retreat of the Wiirm ice 
was followed by a brief but very warm 
interstadial period. (The extent of gla- 
cial melting is attested by the fact 
that ocean shorelines were much 
higher 35,000 years ago than they are 
today.) Forests rapidly replaced loess 
steppes and grasslands. This would 
have caused the once large herds of 
grazers to become depleted and frag- 
mented. As the grazers with shaggy 
coats grew scarce, the geographical 
range of Neanderthal people must 
have shrunk rapidly. The last of the 
Neanderthals exhibited reduced body 
growth, a sign of inadequate nutrition. 
They probably went extinct in a short 
period. 
A glaciation later, the same fate 
nearly befell the culturally and tech- 
nologically sophisticated Upper Paleo- 
lithic people. They came close to ex- 
tinction during the terrible Mesolithic 
period that followed the glaciation. 
Population size in Europe shrank, peo- 
ple were poorly grown, diseased, and 
short-lived. Homicide and cannibalism 
were common. However, the technol- 
ogy changed, new ecosytems such as 
the marine shores and freshwater del- 
tas were exploited, and our kind sur- 
vived. Neanderthal people, by com- 
parison, were more biologically, and 
less culturally, adapted to their role 
in glacial landscapes. They were, 
therefore, not primitive humans. On 
the contrary, Neanderthal was more 
specialized biologically for the role of 
a superpredator than we are, and con- 
sequently is the most specialized hu- 
man from the past. It was probably 
only after the Neanderthals’ extinc- 
tion that modern people could colonize 
the land they once roamed over, for 
they must have been fighters of stun- 
ning abilities, for whom Upper Pa- 
leolithic people were no match. 
Valerius Geist is associate dean in 
the Faculty of Environmental Design 
of the University of Calgary. Fie is 
an authority on the ecology of un- 
gulates, particularly goats and deer. 
For centuries man feared it, made 
sacrifices to it, wailed over it. Now we 
run to greet it. You are extended a 
unique invitation to witness one of 
nature's most awesome spectacles, a 
total eclipse of the sun. On July 31, 1981 
the British cruise ship, m.s. Coral Prin- 
cess will be positioned 1000 miles off 
the coast of Japan to rendezvous with 
eclipse totality. 
The orient ECLIPSE CRUISE and expedi- 
tion is the sequel to the six previous his- 
toric VOYAGE TO DARKNESS eclipse expe- 
ditions which successfully intercepted 
totality off the coasts of Nova Scotia, 
Africa, the Caribbean, in the Pacific and 
at Montana's Big Sky eclipse expedition. 
The ORIENT ECLIPSE CRUISE adventure 
offers a distinguished staff of shipboard 
lecturers (including meteorologist Dr. 
Edward M. Brooks) scientific, cultural 
and educational programs, and tours of 
Japan, Hong Kong, Macau and China. 
Join us as we probe earth, sea and 
space for yet another exciting and 
memorable cosmic 
adventure 
as we sail 
into totality 
and beyond. 
ORICNT 
ecupse 
cruisc 
voyage to Darkness vn 
I 1 
I Orient Eclipse Cruises, Inc. 
I 1080 Fifth Avenue 
New York, N.Y. 10028 
| Please send me more information 
I on the ORIENT ECLIPSE CRUISE 
Name 
Address 
City 
State 
Zip 
36 
