/{ THF OFFICIAT r 
ROYAL WEDDING CROWN COIN 
Electroplated in 
PURE 
24-KARAT 
GOLD 
Exclusive 
Offer 
Only $5. 
On July 29th, the wedding ot the future King and Queen of 
England took place at London's famous St Paul's Cathedral To 
honor this historic event The Royal Mint of England is minting a 
special legal tender Crown Coin. The Crown coin is the largest com 
in England — heavier and larger than a United States Silver Dollar 
This is the first time in England's long history that a Royal Wedding 
Crown coin has ever been issued Crown coins are minted by The 
Royal Mint only for rare occasions and as such are sought after and 
hoarded by collectors in England for future generations Truly a 
collector's coin of untold historic value, it will be cherished and 
valued for years to come. 
The face of the coin bears the likeness of HRH Prince of Wales 
and Lady Diana Spencer, The reverse, the famous portrait of Her 
Majesty. Queen Elizabeth by Arnold Machin, which graces every 
com currently circulating in England. 
EXCLUSIVE OPPORTUNITY 
You have an exclusive opportunity to acquire a limited number of 
these coins as a direct result of the special arrangements The 
Columbia Mint has made to make them available to collectors in 
the United States The Royal Wedding Crown Coin, embellished in 
pure 24 Karat Gold— The Metal of Royalty— mounted in a 
protective serially numbered display wallet along with an historical 
account of the wedding, can be yours for just $5 each plus 50C 
postage and handling, but supplies are limited Due to the limited 
supply, there will be a strict limit of (5) Crowns per order 
For faster service, credit card charge 
orders may call FREE 24 hours a day 
/O Minimum order $10 
V' 800-228-5000 
LIMITED AVAILABILITY - ACT NOW 
The Royal Wedding Crown will only be minted this one time and 
never again Therefore, you should not delay in placing your order 
Only by doing so can you be assured of the right to own this historic 
and maiestic beautifully electroplated Crown in pure 24-Karat 
Gold Send your order today to The Columbia Mint 905 Sixteenth 
Street N W . Washington. D C 20006 But do it now as you may 
never have this opportunity again 
r— 1 OFFICIAL WEDDING CROWN ORDER F0RM~| - 
I THE COLUMBIA MINT 104 
905 Sixteenth St N W , Washington, DC 20006 1 
I Please enter my order for (limit 5) OFFICIAL ROYAL 
I WEDDING CROWN COINS electroplated in PURE 24-KARAT GOLD 
I at $5 00 each plus 50C each for postage and handling I understand 
I that each Com will be mounted in a protective serially numbered 
I display wallet along with an historical account of the wedding If I am 
. not completely satisfied, I may return my com(s) within 1 G days for a 
I refund of my purchase price 
□ Enclosed is my remittance for $ 
I □ Charges (Minimum charge $10) to my 
I □ Visa □ American Express □ Mastercard 
I Card No Exp Date 
I Signature 
I Name 
Address 
I City, State. Zip 
| Please allow 4 to 6 weeks for delivery 
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Gryphaea became established as a fact. 
In the late 1930s, after a gestation of 
nearly one hundred years from Dar- 
win’s great insight and eighty years 
from its publication, natural selection 
finally triumphed as the accepted the- 
ory of evolutionary change, and Gry- 
phaea became an anomaly. How could 
a lineage actively evolve itself to extinc- 
tion if all evolutionary change is direct- 
ed by natural selection and can, 
therefore, only occur in directions that 
adapt organisms to local environ- 
ments? (Extinction based upon an in- 
ability to change rapidly enough in the 
face of environmental perturbation is 
another matter and perfectly orthodox 
in a Darwinian world.) 
Darwinians reacted to Gryphaea in a 
variety of ways, but all were deeply 
troubled. Some, like J.B.S. Haldane, 
simply admitted puzzlement: “The ex- 
aggerated coiling of Gryphaea cannot at 
present be explained with any strong 
degree of likelihood.” Others, like G.G. 
Simpson, tried to steer around the 
problem with faintly plausible, but evi- 
dently ad hoc suggestions: since over- 
coiling only affected the oldest, and 
probably postreproductive, individ- 
uals, it may even have benefited the 
population by clearing out the old cod- 
gers and making space for the young 
and vigorous. Yet, through all these ef- 
forts in salvaging natural selection, no 
one asked the more basic question, Is it 
even true in the first place? Overcoiling 
in Gryphaea had become a fact. 
But it is not true; overcoiling in Gry- 
phaea is as chimerical as the supposed 
influence of Lord Morton’s quagga 
upon the subsequent progeny of his 
mare. In 1959, Anthony Hallam, now a 
good friend and professor of geology at 
Birmingham, but then a brash graduate 
student, wrote an iconoclastic paper 
with two controversial claims: first, 
that Gryphaea had not evolved from 
flat oysters at all, but had migrated into 
southern England from elsewhere; and 
second, that Gryphaea arrived in Eng- 
land as coiled as it would ever be — and 
that no trend to increased coiling with- 
in Gryphaea could be demonstrated at 
all. Hallam’s conclusion scandalized 
many senior scientists who had known 
Trueman. H.H. Swinnerton, dean of 
British paleontology, wrote back in an- 
ger, accusing Hallam of both “sin” and 
“monstrous error,” an odd pair of accu- 
sations for a scientific paper. 
Twenty years later the dust has set- 
tled, and I do not think that anyone 
would now doubt Hallam’s debunking. 
For Hallam’s first claim — that Gry- 
22 
