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in the group; but from the collection 
made for Captain FitzRoy, I have been 
able in some small measure to rectify' 
this omission." (FitzRoy had upstaged 
Darw in by labeling his specimens more 
completely.) In another passage. Dar- 
win tells of stalking the petise, a small 
rhea previously unknown to science. 
But w hen a member of the Beagle crew 
finally shot one, Darwin didn’t recog- 
nize what he had and ate his new spe- 
cies: “I looked at it, and from most 
unfortunately forgetting at the moment 
the whole subject of the Petises, 
thought it was a two-third grown one of 
the common sort. The bird was skinned 
and cooked before my memory' re- 
turned. But the head. neck. legs, wings, 
many of the larger feathers, and a large 
part of the skin had been preserved." 
More importantly, numerous pas- 
sages scattered throughout the work 
give us important insight into the char- 
acteristic — and often quite individual- 
istic and unusual — modes of thought 
that would later foster Darwin's evolu- 
tionary theory. Thus, the Beagle Zool- 
ogy will also provide new information 
for Darwin scholars in the most vital 
area of all, especially important because 
so few historians have ever seen these 
passages. Consider just a few examples: 
1. Darwin w rites in his geological in- 
troduction to Owen's monograph: 
"In this pan of South America there 
is reason to believe that the move- 
ments of the land have been so regu- 
lar, that the period of its elev ation 
may be taken as an element in con- 
sidering the age of any deposit." In 
other words, upward motion by 
earthquakes, averaged over time, 
has been sufficiently uniform in rate 
that the height of a stratum above 
sea level will indicate its age. Now 
what Darwin actually saw in South 
America was the cataclysmic devas- 
tation wrought by local earth- 
quakes. Yet he chose to focus his 
attention on the potential smoothing 
out of local catastrophes over long 
stretches of time to yield uniform av- 
erage rates, rather than on the more 
literal extrapolation of local terror 
to a catastrophic theory of earth his- 
tory. Here we clearly see the influ- 
ence of Lyell (who treated earth- 
quakes and volcanoes in the same 
way) and his so-called uniformi- 
tarian approach, an essential in- 
gredient of Darwin's developing 
gradualism. Aside from natural se- 
lection itself, gradualism became the 
most pervasive and controlling as- 
pect of Darw in’s w orld view . 
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