L.L.Bean \ 
Outdoor Sporting Specialties 
Chamois Cloth Shirt 
(For Men, Women and Children) 
Mr Bean's favorite hunting and fishing shirt Well madefroma 7 oz. cotton 
flannel, thickly napped on both sides Warm, wind resistantand comfortable 
to wear Machine Wash. Slxcolors: Navy BrightRed Tan Forest Green Slate 
Blue Ivory Men's regular sizes: 1 4 '/? to 20. #161 1W, $17.00 ppd. Men s 
long sizes: 1 5 to 19 #1612W. $18.25 ppd. Women s sizes: 6 to 20. #431 1W 
$17.00 ppd. Children's sizes: 8 to 18. 
• #4335W $15.75 ppd. (No Ivory). 
Flannel Sheets 
Take the chill out of getting in bed on cool evenings Made of a tightly woven, 
softly napped flannelette fabric 80% cotton. 20% polyester Whipstitched 
ends. Machine Wash and Dry Colors White/Blue Stripes White/Pink 
Stripes White/Gold Stripes Cut generously to allow for normal shrinkage *f 
Three sizes: #7481W Twin (70 "x 100"). $12.00 ppd. #7488W Double 
(80 x 100 ). $13.50 ppd. #7489W Queen (90 x 104 ’ ). $16.50 ppd. King size 
available in 65% polyester. 35% cotton (102 "x 102"). Solid colors Beige 
White Sky Blue #7464W $18.00 ppd. 
A Wood Carrier 
Manufactured by us from heavy duck. Leather handles are 
rounded for a comfortable grip A practical arrangement for car 
rymg stove or fireplace wood No dirt or bark on the floor with 
this convenient carrier Size 20" x 42" 
#8731W $9.75 ppd. 
Corduroy 
Work Pants 
Same comfortable pattern as our popular Chino Pants. Full cut. yet neat in ap- 
pearance. Durable medium weight corduroy is 84% cotton and 16% polyester 
Machine Washable Two front, two rear pockets: W*" belt loops "Easy alter" 
waistband can be expanded 1 '/z'\ Even waist sizes: 30 to 44 Inseams: 29 ",31" 
and 33". Two colors #281 5W Navy #2816W. Tan An exceptional value at 
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J 
karyote transposons and the source of 
middle-repetitive DNA in eukaryotes. 
Some middle-repetitive DNA probably 
arises in other ways, and selfish DNA 
will therefore not explain all of it.) 
Conventional arguments for the exis- 
tence of middle-repetitive DNA follow 
the usual Darwinian perspective. Evolu- 
tion is about the struggle of individuals 
(bodies) to leave more surviving off- 
spring in future generations. This strug- 
gle operates by natural selection and 
selection is a potent editor. Major fea- 
tures of organisms — and some 25 per- 
cent of the genetic material cannot be 
minor — must exist because they provide 
some advantages to individuals in the 
struggle for life. We must, in other 
words, find a function for middle-repet- 
itive DNA in terms of advantages to the 
bodies that carry it. 
Rumblings of claims for nonadaptive 
and nonfunctional status have been 
heard from time to time (selfish DNA is 
the first, and more subtle, explosion for 
this perspective). Still, as Doolittle and 
Sapienza detail in their article, the over- 
whelming majority of proposals have 
hewed to Darwinian orthodoxy: they as- 
sume that middle-repetitive DNA can- 
not exist in such amounts unless it con- 
fers direct adaptive benefits upon 
organisms. (I will save myself some 
words from now on by simply writing 
“repetitive DNA” when I mean only 
“middle-repetitive DNA.”) 
The conventional adaptationist hy- 
potheses have fallen into two classes: 
one, I believe, obviously wrong on (un- 
recognized) principle; the other un- 
doubtedly correct in part (I do not 
believe that all repetitive DNA is selfish 
DNA). The unreasonable arguments 
postulate what I like to call a “retrospec- 
tive significance” for repetitive DNA — 
that is, they justify its existence by dis- 
cussing the benefits it may confer upon 
distant evolutionary futures. 
Suppose all working genes could only 
exist in one copy that coded for an 
essential protein. How then could sub- 
stantial evolutionary change ever occur? 
What will supply the essential protein 
while evolution monkeys about with the 
only coding sequence that produces it? 
But if a gene can repeat itself, then one 
copy might continue to code for the 
essential protein, leaving the other free 
to change. Thus, potential flexibility for 
evolutionary change has often been 
cited as the primary significance of re- 
petitive DNA. 
I have no quarrel with the idea that 
redundancy may supply the flexibility 
that evolution requires for initiating ma- 
8 
