agricultural boom in the Department of 
Santa Cruz have induced the new gen- 
eration to take a more calculating look 
at the economics of llama caravans. The 
young men of Pampa Aullagas do not 
consider the profits sufficient compensa- 
tion for the effort that must be ex- 
pended. They can earn enough as wage 
laborers in the same amount of time to 
buy the maize they need and still have 
money to spare. 
While recent increases in the price of 
oil in some Andean regions appear to 
have given llama transport a new lease 
on life, there are other considerations 
that spell a permanent decline in the 
caravans of Pampa Aullagas. Following 
the introduction of tractors in 1972, 
agricultural production rose as lands for- 
merly used for grazing were opened up 
to cultivation. This both reduced the 
need for llama ownership and con- 
stricted the amount of pastureland. 
About the same time, some local resi- 
dents purchased large trucks, which are 
a more convenient form of transporta- 
tion to the valleys, as well as to the 
nearby weekly market where maize and 
other valley products can be purchased. 
Finally, the construction of a secondary 
school has helped to deprive drovers of 
their apprentice helpers. Exposed to the 
opportunities and values of modem soci- 
ety, the youth of Pampa Aullagas have 
become both independent and disdain- 
ful of their parents’ occupations. Many 
hope to be teachers or truck drivers or at 
least migrant workers, to earn money 
and emulate urban ways. To travel with 
or herd llamas is to them old-fashioned 
and even degrading. □ 
L.LuBean 
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A complete guide to the clothing, footwear and 
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9 WINTER TRAVEL 
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