FUNGI. 
113 
Pig. 4. — T. setulosum , Pat. (drawn from specimen com. by Pafcouillard). 
„ 5. — T. echinatum, , Lev. (drawn from specimen from Leveille in Hb* 
Kew). 
„ 6. — T. Thwaitesii , B & Br. (drawn from type specimen in Hb. Kew). 
7. — T. clavellosum, Berk, (drawn from type in Herb. Kew). 
8. — T. acacice , Cooke (drawn from type in Herb. Kew). 
Triphragmium, Link. 
Teleutospores brown, normally consisting of three cells, radiately 
arranged, the three septa meeting at a central point when seen in 
optical section ; lower or basal cell with a hyaline pedicel ; each 
cell with a single germ-pore ; epispore even or variously orna- 
mented; uredospores subglobose, with more than one lateral 
germ-pore ; spermogonia are present in some species. 
Triphragmium , Link, Sp. Plant. Linn., Willden. ed. (1824), Pt. 
II., p. 84, t. vi. (1824); emended by Tulasne, Ann. Sci. Nat., 
Ser. 4, Yol. ii, p. 181 ; Sacc. Syll., Yol. vii., Pt. II., p. 768. 
The present genus is characterized by the teleutospores consist- 
ing of three more or less triangular cells, their points meeting at 
the centre, when seen in optical section ; each cell has one lateral 
germ-pore. 
Sartwellia appears to approach the present genus in some respects, 
but its typical teleutospore is two-celled, the two cells being super- 
posed, as in Puccinia, basal cell with a long hyaline pedicel ; the 
upper cell has an apical and also an equitorial ring of germ-pores, 
the lower cell having an equitorial ring of germ-pores only. In 
addition to the typical form described above, teleutospores are not 
uncommon having the apical cell divided into two by a vertical 
septum, thus producing the Triphragmium type of teleutospore; 
others, again, have only a single cell, as in Uromyces. Comparing 
the two genera, Triphragmium and Sartwellia, and speaking of the 
type of spore most abundant as the typical form, we observe that 
the general tendency of modification from the typical teleutospore 
in Triphragmium is towards a reduction in the number of its com- 
ponent cells, whereas in Sartwellia the deviation from the typical 
form is in the opposite direction, and to build up a teleutospore of 
the Triphragmium type. 
The genus Sphaerophragmium, founded by Magnus,* is also 
closely allied to Triphragmium, differing, according to the author, 
in the teleutospores consisting of from 4-9 cells, and forming a 
spherical or ellipsoidal body, and not a single superposed row of 
cells, as in Phragmidium. Sphaerophragmium is founded on the 
species called Triphragmium acacice , Cooke, and an examination of 
Cooke’s type specimen shows that, although the majority of the 
teleutospores have more than three cells, others are not wanting 
with three or even two cells only (Fig. 8), and in the great majority 
of instances the spore, in its primitive form, appears to follow the 
Diorchidium type, having two cells placed laterally and separated 
by a vertical septum, the two cells being broken up into a varying 
number of cells in different teleutospores. The spines on the 
* “ Ber. der Deutschen Bot. Gesellsch.” 1891, p. 121. 
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