‘274 
ORGANOGRAPHY. 
BOOK I. 
12. Hypha^ Willd. ; the filamentous, fleshy, watery thallus of 
Byssaceae. 
13. Sporangia; any kind of case not obviously a joint of the 
plant, within which spores are generated. 
14. Cojiiocysta ; tubercle-like closed apothecia, containing a 
mass of sporules ; the same as sporangium. 
9. Fungace(B, 
The structure of these plants is yet more simple than that 
of Algaceae, consisting of little besides cellular tissue, among 
which spores are generated. Some, of the lowest degree of 
developement, are composed only of a few cellules, of which 
one is larger than the rest, and contains the spores ; others 
are more highly compounded, consisting of myriads of cellules, 
with the sporules lying in cases, or asci. 
Sexes have been generally denied to Fungaceae: but M. 
Leveille has shown that, in the Agaric and some other high 
forms of the order, there are two sorts of organs ; the one pro- 
minent cells containing a highly attenuated form of matter, 
and the other undoubtedly spores ; and that these two kinds 
of organs are intermingled with each other. There is, 
however, as yet, no proof that the prominent cells are male 
organs. 
Corda has shown that spiral-threaded cells, analogous to 
elaters, exist in the genus Trichia. 
It is exclusively among these plants that we meet with 
cases of parasitism upon living animal bodies. The silkworm, 
and hymenopterous insects, are destroyed by the action of 
certain species of Botrytis in the one case, and Sphaeria in the 
other, which attack them while alive. 
Notwithstanding the extreme simplicity of these plants, 
writers upon Fungi have contrived to multiply the terms 
relating to them in a remarkable manner. The followinof are 
O O 
all with which I am acquainted : — 
1. The Pileus, or Cap^ is the uppermost part of the plant of 
an Affaricus, and resembles an umbrella in form. 
2. The Stipes, is the stalk that supports the pileus. 
3. The Volva, or Wrapper, is the involucrum-like base of the 
