CLASS I. 
INDIVIDUAL RELATIVE TERMS. 
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11. \ Penniformis ; when the ribs are disposed as in a pinnated 
leaf, but confluent at the point ; as in the Date. De Cand. 
12. \ Palmiformis ; when the ribs are arranged as in palmate 
leaves ; as in the Chamaerops. Id. 
13. \ Penninervis ; when the ribs are pinnated (^De Cand.)\ as 
in Castanea vesca. 
14. Pedatinervis ; when the ribs are pedate. De Cand. 
15. \ Palminervis ; when they are palmated. Id. 
16. \ Peltinervis ; when they are peltate. Id. 
17. \Vaginervis ; when the veins are arranged without any 
order ; as in Ficoideae. Id. 
18. \Rethiervis; when the veins are reticulated, or like lace. Id. 
19. Nullinervis, or Enervis\ when there are no ribs or veins 
whatever. Id. 
20. \ Falsinervis ; when the veins have no vascular tissue, but 
are formed of simple, elongated, cellular tissue ; as in Mosses, 
Fuci, &c. 
21. ^Hinoideus ; when all the veins proceed from the midrib, 
and are parallel and undivided ; as in Scitamineae. Link. 
When they are connected by little cross veins, the term is 
-j- venuloso-hinoideus. Id. 
22. -j- Venosus ; when the lateral veins are variously divided. Id. 
II. Of Individual Relative Terms. 
These are arranged under the heads of Estivation, or the 
relation which organs bear to each other in the bud state ; 
Direction, or the relation which organs bear to the surface of 
the earth, or to the stem of the plant which forms the axis, 
either real or imaginary, round which they are disposed ; and 
Insertion, or the manner in which one part is inserted into, 
or adheres to, another. 
I. Of Estivation. 
The term estivation, or prcefloration, is applied to the parts 
of the flower when unexpanded ; and vernation is expressive 
of the foliage in the same state. The ideas of their modifi- 
cations are, however, essentially the same. 
1. Involute {involutiva, involuta) ; when the edges are rolled 
inwards spirally on each side {Link') ; as the leaf of the Apple. 
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