BOOK III. 
ABBREVIATIONS. 
503 
The following excellent Table of Abbreviations was con- 
trived by the late Mr. Ferdinand Bauer, to express all the 
subjects for which illustrations are required in botanical 
drawings. It has been adopted in Endlicher's Iconographia 
Generum Plantarum^ and it is to be wished that these abbre- 
viations, which are in every way unexceptionable, should be 
universally adopted for references to plates : they would not 
only form a common means of comparison between the figures 
of different authors, but would also keep continually within 
the view of artists the nature of the subjects they are em- 
ployed to analyse. It may be added that the Table, if con- 
sidered without reference to the abbreviations, is in itself an 
excellent sketch of the principal modes, degrees, and analogies 
of the regular developement of fructification. When the 
letters used are capitals, they indicate that the object is mag- 
nified ; when small, that is of the natural size ; when with a 
score ( — ) drawn beneath them, that it is less than the natural 
size. 
a. A flower before expansion, 
a 1. A flower expanded. 
b. The operculum of a flower ; generally formed by the con- 
fluence of the calyx and corolla. 
c. The perianthium ; the floral integument of monocotyle- 
donous plants, and the generally simple one of dicoty- 
ledones. (Corolla of Linnaeus ; calyx of Jussieu.) 
c 1. External leaflets of the perianthium ; having generally 
the nature of a calyx. (Calyx of Linnaeus.) 
c 2. Internal leaflets of the perianthium, except c 3. and 
c 4. ; having usually the texture of petals. (Corolla 
of Linnaeus.) 
c 3. The labellum, or its appendages. In Orchidaceae. 
c 4. The hypogynous scales of Grasses. (Nectarium of 
Linnaeus.) 
c 5. Appendages of the perianthium. 
d. The calyx. 
e. A monopetalous corolla, 
e 1. Petals. 
e 2. Appendages of the corolla. (Nectarium of Linnaeus ; 
parapetala of Ehrhart.) 
f. The discus, whether hypogynous or epigynous. 
K K 4 
