216 OPERATIONS FOR OCTOBER. 
Zauschneria Californica. Although we figure this species, we cannot avoid recording in 
this place the handsome specimen grown in the Gardens of the Horticultural Society, a vignette 
of which is given, but from its minuteness, scarcely gives a proper idea of the plant ; however, it 
is most easily cultivated, and capable of being formed into most noble specimens, and will 
completely supersede the O'ardoqua Hookerii, which it most resembles in every way, except the 
difficulty of cultivation. 
OPERATIONS FOR OCTOBER. 
The beauties of the flower-garden are gradually disappearing, and frosts may be daily expected 
whose effects will destroy the greater part of its attractive character. Now is the time to com- 
mence ground-work alterations. Planting evergreen and deciduous shrubs and trees, too, should 
(if the soil of the garden be light) be performed now in preference to spring, not because plants 
will not thrive equally well when removed in spring as now, but generally this latter season is 
over-crowded with business, and the attention which it is desirable to give them after being newly- 
planted often becomes rather burdensome. Bulbous plants, as Tulips, &c, are always better for 
being planted before November, if it can possibly be done. The routine work consists chiefly of 
trimming plants whose stems are dying down ; taking up those which will require housing for the 
winter ; sweeping away falling leaves ; cleaning, mowing, and rolling, so as to secure a good 
smooth grass surface for winter. 
In frames a variety of things will need shelter, to preserve for next summer's decoration of 
the flower-borders. Where shoots of Verbenas and other plants grow long and fleshy, nip the 
ends off with the finger and thumb. Give abundance of air, and, except in severe weather, let this 
be continued throughout the night, but never allow the plants to be injured by frosts or excessive wet. 
In the greenhouse many plants will be coming into flower : this department, as the open air 
beauties decline, will become daily more interesting. Camellias may be watered occasionally with 
a very weak liquid manure — a strong potion would very likely bring off the flower-buds ; it is not 
well to crowd the plants together at this time of the year especially, the light having much declined. 
Chrysanthemums will now begin to ornament the conservatory : a little weak liquid manure given 
to them will be a great assistance to their flowering fine. All watering in this department is now 
better done in a morning. Ventilation should be on a liberal scale ; whenever the nights are fine, 
air may be let in continually ; this will enable the growths to acquire hardness, and be more 
capable of enduring the dark days of winter. Cinerarias should be set in as light a place as 
possible, to encourage their progress, that those intended to flower early may have an opportunity 
of growing strong. Chinese Primroses should also stand near the glass, but it is not necessary 
that they should have so much light as some other plants. Allow the inmates of this department 
generally to go gradually to rest, by giving less water than usual, and keeping the temperature 
sufficiently cool. 
In the Orchid-house f many Orchids will be ripening, and should be subjected to a partial 
drought and a cooler temperature. Amongst these may be mentioned species of Catasetums, 
Cychnoches, Marmodes, dec. Some kinds will now be coming into flower, and must receive the 
usual requisites of heat and moisture. It must always be remembered that none of these plants 
will endure being removed from a high to a low temperature, unless they are previously prepared 
by introducing them gradually to a cool and dry treatment. 
In the stove and forcing-pits a multitude of plants will soon be in bloom, as various species of 
Begonia, Euphorbia Jacquiniflora, two or three species of Gesnera, &c. Care must be taken not to 
overload the air with moisture at this time of the year, nor allow the heat to be very strong. 
Several kinds of dwarf-flowering shrubs should now also be introduced to a little gradual warmth ; 
amongst which may be mentioned Weigela rosea, Jasminum nudiflorum, Abelia rupestris, Deutzia 
corymbosa, Philadelphus Mexicanus ; and perhaps Forsythia viridissima may prove an useful plant 
for this purpose. 
